Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Numerical investigation of flow around square cylinder with an upstream control plate at low Reynolds numbers in tandem

  • Technical Paper
  • Published:
Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The study focuses on the effect of gap spacing (g) ranging g = 1–7, Reynolds numbers (Re) ranging Re = 80–200 and the size of the control plate (w) varied from 0.1d to 1d (where d is the size of the main cylinder) on the flow around a square cylinder with an upstream control plate. Two-dimensional multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method is used to find the optimum condition, where the maximum reduction in drag force and suppression of vortex shedding occurs. It is observed that the drag is reduced significantly and the fluctuating lift is also suppressed. The detailed wake structure mechanism within gap spacing and near wake vortex structures around and behind the main square cylinder in the presence of the control plate are studied and compared with a plain square cylinder. In this study, the optimum conditions for maximum drag reduction in terms of control plate width, gap spacings and Reynolds numbers are found. The single bluff body, shear layer reattachment, critical flow, two-row single bluff body, fully developed two-row vortex shedding and quasi-steady-flow patterns are found. The time-trace analysis of drag and lift coefficients, power spectra analysis of lift coefficients, variation in force statistics and inclination angles are discussed in detail for all observed flow patterns. The maximum reductions on the drag force are 99.82, 99.8, 99.8, 99.9, 99.98, 100.4, 100.1, 100.05 and 100.1% for Re = 80, 100, 120, 140, 150, 160, 180, 190 and 200, respectively.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21
Fig. 22

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

C d :

Drag coefficient

C l :

Lift coefficient

C drms :

Root-mean-square value of drag coefficient

C lrms :

Root-mean-square value of lift coefficient

C dmean :

Mean drag coefficient

c s :

Speed of sound

d :

Diameter of the main cylinder

f :

Particle distribution function

F d :

Drag force in stream-wise direction

F l :

Lift force in transverse direction

f s :

Vortex shedding frequency

g :

Gap spacing

H :

Height of the computational domain

h :

Width of the control plate

ℓ :

Length of the control plate

L u :

Upstream location from the inlet to control plate

L d :

Downstream location from the main cylinder to outlet position

M :

The transformation matrix

m :

Velocity moments

Re :

Reynolds number

s :

Surface-to-surface distance between the control plate and main cylinder

St :

Strouhal number

s i :

Relaxation-rates

U ∞ :

Uniform inflow velocity

w :

Size of the control plate

ρ :

Masss density

δx :

Lattice spacing

δt :

Lattice time step

ν :

Shear viscosity

ζ :

Bulk viscosity

References

  1. Alam MMd, Moriya M, Takai K, Sakamoto H (2002) Suppression of fluid forces acting on two square prisms in a tandem arrangement by passive control of flow. J Fluids Struct 16:1073–1092

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Ali MSM, Doolan CJ, Wheatley V (2011) Low Reynolds number flow over a square cylinder with a splitter plate. Phys Fluids 23:0336602

    Google Scholar 

  3. Breuer M, Bernsdorf J, Zeiser T, Durst F (2000) Accurate computations of the laminar flow past a square cylinder based on two different methods: lattice-Boltzmann and finite-volume. Int J Heat Fluid Flow 21:186–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bhatnagar PL, Gross EP, Krook M (1954) A model for collision processes in gases. I. Small amplitude processes in charged and neutral one component systems. Phys Rev 94:511–524

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Dazhi Y, Renwei M, Luo LS, Wei S (2003) Viscous flow computations with the method of lattice Boltzmann equation. Prog Aerosp Sci 39:329–367

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. d’Humieres D, Ginzburg I, Krafczyk M, Lallemand P, Luo L-S (2002) Multiple-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann models in three-dimensions. Philos Trans R Soc Lond 360:437

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Fujisawa N, Asanao Y, Arakawa C, Hashimoto T (2005) Computational and experimental study on flow around a rotationally oscillating circular cylinder in a uniform flow. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 93:137–153

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Gupta A (2013) Suppression of vortex shedding in a flow around square cylinder using control plate, pp 1–13. home.iitk.ac.in/~gabhinav/Abhinav_Gupta_paper.pdf

  9. Guo Z, Liu H, Luo L, Xu K (2008) Comparative study of the LBE and GKS methods for 2D near incompressible laminar flows. J Comput Phys 227:4955–4976

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Ginzburg I, d’Humieres D (2003) Multireflection boundary conditions for lattice Boltzmann models. Phys Rev E 68:066614(1)–066614(72)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Gear B, Sharma PK, Singh RK (2010) CFD analysis of 2D unsteady flow around a square cylinder. Int J Appl Eng Res Dingigul 1:602–610

    Google Scholar 

  12. Hwang J, Yang K (2007) Drag reduction on a circular cylinder using dual detached splitter plates. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 95:551–564

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Islam SUl, Rahman H, Abbasi WS, Noreen U, Khan A (2014) Suppression of fluid force on flow past a square cylinder with a detached flat plate at low Reynolds number for various spacing ratios. J Mech Sci Technol 28:4969–4978

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Islam SUl, Rahman H, Abbasi WS, Shahina T (2015) Lattice Boltzmann study of wake structure and force statistics for various gap spacings between a square cylinder with a detached flat plate. Arab J Sci Eng 40:2169–2182

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Islam SUl, Rahman H, Zhou CY, Saha SC (2014) Comparison of wake structures and force measurements behind three side-by-side cylinders. J Braz Soc Mech Sci Eng. doi:10.1007/s40430-014-0297-x

    Google Scholar 

  16. Islam SUl, Abbasi WS, Rahman H, Naheed R (2014) Numerical investigation of wake modes for flow past three tandem cylinders using the multi-relaxation-time lattice Boltzmann method for different gap spacings. J Braz Soc Mech Sci Eng. doi:10.1007/s40430-014-0282-4

    Google Scholar 

  17. Lim H, Lee S (2004) Flow control of a circular cylinder with O-rings. Fluid Dyn Res 35:107–122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. van Leer B (2001) Computational fluid dynamics: science or toolbox? In: 15th AIAA computational fluid dynamics conference, AIAA Paper 2001–2520, A01-31039. American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics

  19. Lallemand P, Luo L-S (2003) Lattice Boltzmann method for moving boundaries. J Comput Phys 184:406–421

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  20. Lallemand P, Luo L-S (2000) Theory of the lattice Boltzmann method, dispersion, dissipation, isotropy, Galilean invariance, and stability. Phys Rev E 61:6546

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. Lima Silva ALF, Silva ARD, Silveira Neto A (2007) Numerical simulation of two dimensional complex flows around bluff bodies using the immersed boundary method. J Braz Soc Mech Sci Eng XXIX(4):379–387

    Google Scholar 

  22. Malekzadeh S, Sohankar A (2012) Reduction of fluid forces and heat transfer on a square cylinder in a laminar flow regime using a control plate. Int J Heat Fluid Flow 34:15–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Norberg C (1993) Flow around rectangular cylinders: Pressure forces and wake frequencies. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 40:187–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Okajima A (1982) Strouhal numbers of rectangular cylinders. J Fluid Mech 123:379–398

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Qian YH, d’Humeieres D, Lallemand P (1992) Lattice BGK models for Navier–Stokes equation. Europhys Lett 17:479–484

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  26. Robichaux J, Balachandar S, Vanka SP (1999) Three-dimensional Floquet instability of the wake of square cylinder. Phys Fluids 11:560–578

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Roshko A (1954) On the drag and shedding frequency of two dimensional bluff bodies. Technical note 3169, National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), Washington

  28. Sakamoto H, Tan K, Takeuchi N, Haniu H (1997) Suppression of fluid forces acting on a square prism by passive control. J Fluids Eng 119:506–511

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Sohankar A, Davids L, Norberg C (1995) Numerical simulation of unsteady flow around a square two-dimensional cylinder. In: Twelfth Australian fluid mechanics conference, The University of Sydney, Australia

  30. Saha AK, Biswas G, Muralidhar K (2003) Three-dimensional study of flow past a square cylinder at low Reynolds numbers. Int J Heat Fluid Flow 24:54–66

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Sharma A, Eswaran V (2004) Heat and fluid flow across a square cylinder in the two-dimensional laminar flow regime. Numer Heat Transf Part A 45:247–269

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Zdravkovich MM (1981) Review and classification of various aerodynamic and hydrodynamic means for suppression of vortex shedding. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 7:145–189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Zhou L, Cheng M, Hung KC (2005) Suppression of fluid force on a square cylinder by flow control. J Fluids Struct 21:151–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Zhou CY, Wang C, Islam SUl, Xiao YQ (2009) Numerical study of fluid force reduction on a square cylinder using a control plate. In: Proceedings of the nineteenth international offshore and polar engineering conference Osaka, Japan, June 21–26

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Mathematics Department, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

    Shams-Ul Islam & Raheela Manzoor

  2. Mathematics Department, Sardar Bakhadur Khan Women University, Quetta, 87300, Pakistan

    Raheela Manzoor & Asma Tareen

Authors
  1. Shams-Ul Islam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Raheela Manzoor
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Asma Tareen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Raheela Manzoor.

Additional information

Technical Editor: Marcio S. Carvalho.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Islam, SU., Manzoor, R. & Tareen, A. Numerical investigation of flow around square cylinder with an upstream control plate at low Reynolds numbers in tandem. J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 39, 1201–1223 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-016-0677-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-016-0677-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation