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Diversity of Chondracanthus (Gigartinaceae, Rhodophyta) on the Brazilian coast based on molecular and morphological evidences

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Abstract

Based on morphological studies, four species of Chondracanthus Kützing were previously reported on the Brazilian coast: C. acicularis (Roth) Fredericq, C. elegans (Greville) Guiry, C. saundersii C.W.Schneider and C.E.Lane and C. teedei (Mertens ex Roth) Fredericq. In the present study, specimens of Chondracanthus were collected from intertidal and subtidal zones (up to 18 m depth); morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses were performed using DNA barcoding (cox1) as a tool in a survey of Rhodophyta biodiversity in São Paulo state. Unlike what we expected, C. saundersii is widely distributed, and many specimens were misidentified as C. acicularis or C. teedei before this study, suggesting the necessity of an accurate revision in the previous identifications of the species of Chondracanthus in Brazil. Tetrasporangial and cystocarpic structures of C. saundersii are described for the first time. Our results confirm that the utilization of cox1 sequences as DNA barcode is an efficient tool to complement morphological identification for species of the genus Chondracanthus.

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Abbreviations

cox1:

Cytochrome c oxidase

GTR:

General-time-reversible model invariable sites and shape parameter of the gamma distribution

MP:

Maximum parsimony

NJ:

Neighbor-joining

PP:

Posterior probability

rbcL:

Gene coding for the large subunit of RUBISCO

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Acknowledgements

We thank the technical help from Carolina de Oliveira Franco. We acknowledge Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa no Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP, BIOTA Proc. 07/51270-7; 2016/50370-7) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq Proc. 484647/2012-1; 440523/2015-0) for the project financial support. RRJ thanks FAPESP for PhD Fellowship (Proc. 2010/20559-4). MCO, MTF and ONJ thank CNPq for Research Productivity Fellowships; This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior Brasil (CAPES) Finance Code 001. Molecular data from French specimens were produced at the Service de Systématique Moléculaire of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle (CNRS - UMS 2700) with funds provided by the ATM ‘Taxonomie moléculaire: DNA Barcode et gestion durable des collections.’ Sequencing was performed by Genoscope through the projects entitled ‘Speed ID’ and ‘Bibliothèque du Vivant.’

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botanical Institute, Av. Miguel Estéfano, 3687, São Paulo, CEP 04301-012, Brazil

    Renato Rocha-Jorge, Ingrid B. Silva & Mutue T. Fujii

  2. Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil

    Fábio Nauer & Mariana C. Oliveira

  3. Zoology and Botany Department, São Paulo State University, R. Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, S. José Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil

    Orlando Necchi Jr.

  4. Institut Systématique Evolution Biodiversité (ISYEB), Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne University, EPHE, 57 rue Cuvier, CP 39, 75005, Paris, France

    Line Le Gall

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  1. Renato Rocha-Jorge
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  2. Fábio Nauer
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  3. Ingrid B. Silva
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  4. Mutue T. Fujii
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  5. Orlando Necchi Jr.
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  6. Line Le Gall
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  7. Mariana C. Oliveira
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Contributions

RRJ, MTF, FN, IBS and MCO conducted field work. RRJ and MTF conducted taxonomic work, gathered and analyzed data. FN sequenced specimens and conducted molecular biology work. FN, ONJ, LLG and MCO gathered data and conducted phylogenetic analysis. MTF and MCO supervised the study and contributed to the discussion. All authors were involved in writing and discussion of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Renato Rocha-Jorge.

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Rocha-Jorge, R., Nauer, F., Silva, I.B. et al. Diversity of Chondracanthus (Gigartinaceae, Rhodophyta) on the Brazilian coast based on molecular and morphological evidences. Braz. J. Bot 41, 889–900 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40415-018-0501-9

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