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Hybrid PET/MRI imaging in non-ischemic cardiovascular disease

  • Systematic Review
  • Published:
Clinical and Translational Imaging Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background and aim

Hybrid Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PET/MRI) is a new multimodality technique with a promising future in diagnostic imaging, allowing the synchronous acquisition of MRI anatomical data and PET functional information. The present systematic review aims to update the latest available evidence on the role of PET/MRI in the management of non-ischemic cardiovascular diseases, such as inflammatory cardiomyopathies, infiltrative disorders, vasculitis, and cardiac tumors. Furthermore, some examples extrapolated from the case histories of our center have been reported.

Materials and methods

The literature search was conducted on PubMed, with particular attention to articles published in the last 5 years. The terms used were “PET/MRI” OR “PET/MR” AND “cardiovascular” AND “inflammation” NOT “ischemic”. All relevant full-text articles found were evaluated. We have then separated the information found into categories, starting from the division between vascular and cardiac pathologies, and a comprehensive narrative review of the literature was written.

Results

The research has produced 214 articles; 86 were eligible for the review. It has emerged that PET/MRI can facilitate the distinction between active and chronic disease in patients with endocarditis, myocarditis, vasculitis and aortitis. In sarcoidosis, it allows to detect fibrous areas due to the presence of granulomas and in amyloidosis, it identifies areas of accumulation of amyloid. In cardiovascular masses, PET/MRI helps to distinguish benign from malignant masses due to increased metabolism in malignant tumors.

Conclusion

The current review confirms the utility of PET/MRI in providing a comprehensive assessment of non-ischemic cardiovascular diseases.

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Data availability

Data to support the findings of this study are not publicly available, however, data is available upon reasonable request from the corresponding author. Data were obtained through a literature review, based on the given references.

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Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital of Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy

    Giulia Argalia, Fabio Massimo Fringuelli, Chiara Cottignoli, Cinzia Romagnolo, Andrea Palucci, Giuseppina Biscontini & Luca Burroni

  2. Maternal-Child-Senological-Cardiological Radiology and Outpatient Ultrasound, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital of Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy

    Marco Fogante, Paolo Esposto Pirani & Giulio Argalia

  3. Cardiovascular Radiological Diagnostics, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital of Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy

    Nicolò Schicchi

  4. Health Professions Area, Diagnostic Technical Area, University Hospital of Marche, 60126, Ancona, Italy

    Liliana Balardi

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Contributions

GA, MF: literature search and review, content planning and manuscript writing. All the authors: reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Marco Fogante.

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The authors declared no potential conflicts of interests associated with this study.

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The paper does not contain results of studies, with human or animal subject, performed by any of the authors. The anonymized images included in this review have been used only to provide an example of the covered topics. All patients who undergo examinations in our center sign an informed consent to the use of their anonymized data (including diagnostic images) for research purposes.

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Argalia, G., Fogante, M., Schicchi, N. et al. Hybrid PET/MRI imaging in non-ischemic cardiovascular disease. Clin Transl Imaging 12, 69–80 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40336-023-00586-0

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