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Hemodynamics and Arterial Stiffness in Response to Oral Glucose Loading in Individuals with Type II Diabetes and Controlled Hypertension

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Abstract

Introduction

Type 2 diabetes (T2D), the fastest growing pandemic, is typically accompanied by vascular complications. A central hallmark of both T2D and vascular disease is insulin resistance which causes impaired glucose transport and vasoconstriction concomitantly. Those with cardiometabolic disease display greater variation in central hemodynamics and arterial elasticity, both potent predictors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, which may be exacerbated by concomitant hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia during glucose testing. Thus, elucidating central and arterial responses to glucose testing in those with T2D may identify acute vascular pathophysiologies triggered by oral glucose loading.

Aim

This study compared hemodynamics and arterial stiffness to an oral glucose challenge (OGC: 50g glucose) between individuals with and without T2D. 21 healthy (48 ± 10 years) and 20 participants with clinically diagnosed T2D and controlled hypertension (52 ± 8 years) were tested.

Methods

Hemodynamics and arterial compliance were assessed at baseline, and 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min post-OGC.

Results

Heart rate increased between 20 and 60 post-OGC in both groups (p < 0.05). Central systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreased in the T2D group between 10 and 50 min post-OGC while central diastolic blood pressure (DBP) decreased in both groups from 20 to 60 post-OGC. Central SBP decreased in T2D between 10 and 50 min post-OGC and central DBP decreased in both groups between 20 and 60 min post-OGC. Brachial SBP decreased between 10 and 50 min in healthy participants, whereas both groups displayed decreases in brachial DBP between 20 and 60 min post-OGC. Arterial stiffness was unaffected.

Conclusions

An OGC alters central and peripheral blood pressure in healthy and T2D participants similarly with no changes in arterial stiffness.

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Availability of Data and Materials

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health and Human Performance, College of Health Professions, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA

    Yu Lun Tai, Smaran Marupudi, Gabriel A. Figueroa & Ryan D. Russell

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  1. Yu Lun Tai
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  4. Ryan D. Russell
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Contributions

RDR was responsible for the study design, obtaining human ethics approval, recruiting and testing participants, and manuscript preparation. YLT contributed to data collection and analysis, and manuscript preparation. SM and GAF contributed to participant recruiting and testing, and manuscript preparation.

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Correspondence to Ryan D. Russell.

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Tai, Y.L., Marupudi, S., Figueroa, G.A. et al. Hemodynamics and Arterial Stiffness in Response to Oral Glucose Loading in Individuals with Type II Diabetes and Controlled Hypertension. High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev 30, 175–181 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40292-023-00569-2

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