Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Safety and Efficacy of Narrow Band Ultraviolet B Treatment in Dermatology: A Review

  • Review Article
  • Published:
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Narrow-band ultraviolet B (NBUVB) phototherapy is an important treatment modality in dermatology. The most common dermatological indications for NBUVB include psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and vitiligo; however, it has been found to be an effective and well-tolerated treatment option in various other dermatoses. The efficacy of NBUVB phototherapy compares favorably with other available photo(chemo)therapy options and its efficacy is further augmented by a number of topical and systemic adjuncts. The long-term safety of NBUVB phototherapy remains to be fully elucidated; however, available data now suggest that it is safe and well-tolerated. The objective of this review was to summarize the current understanding of the safety and efficacy of NBUVB phototherapy in dermatology.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. van Weelden H, De La Faille HB, Young E, van der Leun JC. A new development in UVB phototherapy of psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 1988;119(1):11–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Sidbury R, Davis DM, Cohen DE, Cordoro KM, Berger TG, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: section 3. Management and treatment with phototherapy and systemic agents. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;71(2):327–49.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Menter A, Korman NJ, Elmets CA, Feldman SR, Gelfand JM, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: Section 5. Guidelines of care for the treatment of psoriasis with phototherapy and photochemotherapy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;62(1):114–35.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Taieb A, Alomar A, Bohm M, Dell’anna ML, De Pase A, et al. Guidelines for the management of vitiligo: the European Dermatology Forum consensus. Br J Dermatol. 2013;168(1):5–19.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Jawed SI, Myskowski PL, Horwitz S, Moskowitz A,Querfeld C. Primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides and Sezary syndrome): part II. Prognosis, management, and future directions. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2014;70(2):223 e1-17; quiz 240-2.

  6. Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine-Levels of Evidence (March 2009). http://www.cebm.net/oxford-centre-evidence-based-medicine-levels-evidence-march-2009/. Accessed 24 Aug 2014.

  7. Almutawa F, Alnomair N, Wang Y, Hamzavi I, Lim HW. Systematic review of UV-based therapy for psoriasis. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2013;14(2):87–109.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Archier E, Devaux S, Castela E, Gallini A, Aubin F, et al. Efficacy of psoralen UV-A therapy vs. narrowband UV-B therapy in chronic plaque psoriasis: a systematic literature review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012;26(Suppl 3):11–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Pavlovsky M, Baum S, Shpiro D, Pavlovsky L, Pavlotsky F. Narrow band UVB: is it effective and safe for paediatric psoriasis and atopic dermatitis? J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(6):727–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Jury CS, McHenry P, Burden AD, Lever R, Bilsland D. Narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy in children. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2006;31(2):196–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Jain VK, Bansal A, Aggarwal K, Jain K. Enhanced response of childhood psoriasis to narrow-band UV-B phototherapy with preirradiation use of mineral oil. Pediatr Dermatol. 2008;25(5):559–64.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Penven K, Leroy D, Verneuil L, Faguer K, Dompmartin A. Evaluation of vaseline oil applied prior to UVB TL01 phototherapy in the treatment of psoriasis. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2005;21(3):138–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. George SA, Bilsland DJ, Wainwright NJ, Ferguson J. Failure of coconut oil to accelerate psoriasis clearance in narrow-band UVB phototherapy or photochemotherapy. Br J Dermatol. 1993;128(3):301–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Martin-Ezquerra G, Sanchez-Regana M, Umbert-Millet P. Optimization of narrow-band uvb with a 5 % oleic acid cream in the treatment of psoriasis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2007;6(3):290–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Abdallah MA, El-Khateeb EA, Abdel-Rahman SH. The influence of psoriatic plaques pretreatment with crude coal tar vs. petrolatum on the efficacy of narrow-band ultraviolet B: a half-vs.-half intra-individual double-blinded comparative study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2011;27(5):226–30.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Bagel J. LCD plus NB-UVB reduces time to improvement of psoriasis vs. NB-UVB alone. J Drugs Dermatol. 2009; 8(4):351–7.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Kerscher M, Volkenandt M, Plewig G, Lehmann P. Combination phototherapy of psoriasis with calcipotriol and narrow-band UVB. Lancet. 1993;342(8876):923.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Brands S, Brakman M, Bos JD, de Rie MA. No additional effect of calcipotriol ointment on low-dose narrow-band UVB phototherapy in psoriasis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999;41(6):991–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Rim JH, Choe YB, Youn JI. Positive effect of using calcipotriol ointment with narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy in psoriatic patients. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2002;18(3):131–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Woo WK, McKenna KE. Combination TL01 ultraviolet B phototherapy and topical calcipotriol for psoriasis: a prospective randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Br J Dermatol. 2003;149(1):146–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Hofmann UB, Eggert AA, Brocker EB, Goebeler M. Calcitriol vs. dithranol in combination with narrow-band ultraviolet B (311 nm) in psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2003;148(4):779–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Noborio R, Kobayashi K, Shintani Y, Morita A. Comparison of the efficacy of calcipotriol and maxacalcitol in combination with narrow-band ultraviolet B therapy for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2006;22(5):262–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Takekoshi T, Asahina A, Komine M, Tamaki K. Treatment of psoriasis vulgaris with narrow-band UVB and topical Maxacalcitol. Acta Derm Venereol. 2006;86(4):375–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Brazzelli V, Barbagallo T, Prestinari F, Rona C, De Silvestri A, et al. Non-invasive evaluation of tacalcitol plus puva versus tacalcitol plus UVB-NB in the treatment of psoriasis: “right-left intra-individual pre/post comparison design”. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2005;18(4):755–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Amornpinyokeit N, Asawanonda P. 8-Methoxypsoralen cream plus targeted narrowband ultraviolet B for psoriasis. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2006;22(6):285–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Ehsani AH, Ghaninejad H, Kiani A, Daneshpazhooh M, Hosseini SH, et al. Comparison of topical 8-methoxypsoralen and narrowband ultraviolet B with narrowband ultraviolet B alone in treatment-resistant sites in plaque-type psoriasis: a placebo-controlled study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2011;27(6):294–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Jain VK, Jangra S, Aggarwal K. Comparative efficacy of narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy alone and its combination with topical 8-methoxypsoralen in psoriasis. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2010;76(6):666–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Asawanonda P, Amornpinyokeit N, Nimnuan C. Topical 8-methoxypsoralen enhances the therapeutic results of targeted narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy for plaque-type psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2008;22(1):50–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Seckin D, Usta I, Yazici Z, Senol A. Topical 8-methoxypsoralen increases the efficacy of narrowband ultraviolet B in psoriasis. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2009;25(5):237–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Calzavara-Pinton P. Narrow band UVB (311 nm) phototherapy and PUVA photochemotherapy: a combination. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;38(5 Pt 1):687–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Mahajan R, Kaur I, Kanwar AJ. Methotrexate/narrowband UVB phototherapy combination vs. narrowband UVB phototherapy in the treatment of chronic plaque-type psoriasis: a randomized single-blinded placebo-controlled study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010;24(5):595–600.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Asawanonda P, Nateetongrungsak Y. Methotrexate plus narrowband UVB phototherapy versus narrowband UVB phototherapy alone in the treatment of plaque-type psoriasis: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54(6):1013–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Kampitak T, Asawanonda P. The efficacy of combination treatment with narrowband UVB (TL-01) and acitretin vs narrowband UVB alone in plaque-type psoriasis: a retrospective study. J Med Assoc Thai. 2006;89(Suppl 3):S20–4.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Ozdemir M, Engin B, Baysal I, Mevlitoglu I. A randomized comparison of acitretin-narrow-band TL-01 phototherapy and acitretin-psoralen plus ultraviolet A for psoriasis. Acta Derm Venereol. 2008;88(6):589–93.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Mortazavi H, Khezri S, Hosseini H, Khezri F, Vasigh M. A single blind randomized clinical study: the efficacy of isotretinoin plus narrow band ultraviolet B in the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2011;27(3):159–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Franchi C, Cainelli G, Frigerio E, Garutti C, Altomare GF. Association of cyclosporine and 311 nM UVB in the treatment of moderate to severe forms of psoriasis: a new strategic approach. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol. 2004;17(3):401–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Colombo MD, Cassano N, Bellia G, Vena GA. Cyclosporine regimens in plaque psoriasis: an overview with special emphasis on dose, duration, and old and new treatment approaches. Sci World J. 2013;2013:805705.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Kircik L, Bagel J, Korman N, Menter A, Elmets CA, et al. Utilization of narrow-band ultraviolet light B therapy and etanercept for the treatment of psoriasis (UNITE): efficacy, safety, and patient-reported outcomes. J Drugs Dermatol. 2008;7(3):245–53.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Wolf P, Hofer A, Legat FJ, Bretterklieber A, Weger W, et al. Treatment with 311-nm ultraviolet B accelerates and improves the clearance of psoriatic lesions in patients treated with etanercept. Br J Dermatol. 2009;160(1):186–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Gambichler T, Tigges C, Scola N, Weber J, Skrygan M, et al. Etanercept plus narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy of psoriasis is more effective than etanercept monotherapy at 6 weeks. Br J Dermatol. 2011;164(6):1383–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Lynde CW, Gupta AK, Guenther L, Poulin Y, Levesque A, et al. A randomized study comparing the combination of nbUVB and etanercept to etanercept monotherapy in patients with psoriasis who do not exhibit an excellent response after 12 weeks of etanercept. J Dermatolog Treat. 2012;23(4):261–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Lui H, Gulliver W, Tan J, Hong CH, Hull P, et al. A randomized controlled study of combination therapy with alefacept and narrow band UVB phototherapy (UVB) for moderate to severe psoriasis: efficacy, onset, and duration of response. J Drugs Dermatol. 2012;11(8):929–37.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Ortonne JP, Khemis A, Koo JY, Choi J. An open-label study of alefacept plus ultraviolet B light as combination therapy for chronic plaque psoriasis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2005;19(5):556–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Legat FJ, Hofer A, Wackernagel A, Salmhofer W, Quehenberger F, et al. Narrowband UV-B phototherapy, alefacept, and clearance of psoriasis. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143(8):1016–22.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Bagel J. Adalimumab plus narrowband ultraviolet B light phototherapy for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis. J Drugs Dermatol. 2011;10(4):366–71.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Wolf P, Hofer A, Weger W, Posch-Fabian T, Gruber-Wackernagel A, et al. 311 nm ultraviolet B-accelerated response of psoriatic lesions in adalimumab-treated patients. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2011;27(4):186–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Wolf P, Weger W, Legat FJ, Posch-Fabian T, Gruber-Wackernagel A, et al. Treatment with 311-nm ultraviolet B enhanced response of psoriatic lesions in ustekinumab-treated patients: a randomized intraindividual trial. Br J Dermatol. 2012;166(1):147–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Kircik LH, Liu C, Goffe BS. Treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis with concomitant efalizumab and narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy. J Drugs Dermatol. 2008;7(10):947–52.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Zane C, Capezzera R, Venturini M, Sala R, Facchinetti E, et al. A short cycle of narrow-band UVB phototherapy in the early phase of long-term efalizumab can provide a quicker remission of moderate and severe psoriasis: a pilot study. Dermatology. 2009;218(4):321–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Park KK, Wu JJ,Koo J. A randomized, ‘head-to-head’ pilot study comparing the effects of etanercept monotherapy vs. etanercept and narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) phototherapy in obese psoriasis patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2013;27(7):899–906.

  51. Calzavara-Pinton PG, Sala R, Arisi M, Rossi MT, Venturini M, et al. Synergism between narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy and etanercept for the treatment of plaque-type psoriasis. Br J Dermatol. 2013;169(1):130–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Chen X, Yang M, Cheng Y, Liu GJ, Zhang M. Narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy versus broad-band ultraviolet B or psoralen-ultraviolet A photochemotherapy for psoriasis. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;10:CD009481.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Paul C, Gallini A, Archier E, Castela E, Devaux S, et al. Evidence-based recommendations on topical treatment and phototherapy of psoriasis: systematic review and expert opinion of a panel of dermatologists. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012;26(Suppl 3):1–10.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Hudson-Peacock MJ, Diffey BL, Farr PM. Narrow-band UVB phototherapy for severe atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 1996;135(2):332.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Grundmann-Kollmann M, Behrens S, Podda M, Peter RU, Kaufmann R, et al. Phototherapy for atopic eczema with narrow-band UVB. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999;40(6 Pt 1):995–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  56. Tintle S, Shemer A, Suarez-Farinas M, Fujita H, Gilleaudeau P, et al. Reversal of atopic dermatitis with narrow-band UVB phototherapy and biomarkers for therapeutic response. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;128(3):583–93.e1-4.

  57. Clayton TH, Clark SM, Turner D, Goulden V. The treatment of severe atopic dermatitis in childhood with narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2007;32(1):28–33.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. George SA, Bilsland DJ, Johnson BE, Ferguson J. Narrow-band (TL-01) UVB air-conditioned phototherapy for chronic severe adult atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 1993;128(1):49–56.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Brazzelli V, Prestinari F, Chiesa MG, Borroni RG, Ardigo M, et al. Sequential treatment of severe atopic dermatitis with cyclosporin A and low-dose narrow-band UVB phototherapy. Dermatology. 2002;204(3):252–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Heinlin J, Schiffner-Rohe J, Schiffner R, Einsele-Kramer B, Landthaler M, et al. A first prospective randomized controlled trial on the efficacy and safety of synchronous balneophototherapy vs. narrow-band UVB monotherapy for atopic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(7):765–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Reynolds NJ, Franklin V, Gray JC, Diffey BL, Farr PM. Narrow-band ultraviolet B and broad-band ultraviolet A phototherapy in adult atopic eczema: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2001;357(9273):2012–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Hjerppe M, Hasan T, Saksala I, Reunala T. Narrow-band UVB treatment in atopic dermatitis. Acta Derm Venereol. 2001;81(6):439–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Der-Petrossian M, Seeber A, Honigsmann H, Tanew A. Half-side comparison study on the efficacy of 8-methoxypsoralen bath-PUVA versus narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy in patients with severe chronic atopic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 2000;142(1):39–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Legat FJ, Hofer A, Brabek E, Quehenberger F, Kerl H, et al. Narrowband UV-B vs medium-dose UV-A1 phototherapy in chronic atopic dermatitis. Arch Dermatol. 2003;139(2):223–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Majoie IM, Oldhoff JM, van Weelden H, Laaper-Ertmann M, Bousema MT, et al. Narrowband ultraviolet B and medium-dose ultraviolet al are equally effective in the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2009;60(1):77–84.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Gambichler T, Othlinghaus N, Tomi NS, Holland-Letz T, Boms S, et al. Medium-dose ultraviolet (UV) A1 vs. narrowband UVB phototherapy in atopic eczema: a randomized crossover study. Br J Dermatol. 2009;160(3):652–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Westerhof W, Nieuweboer-Krobotova L. Treatment of vitiligo with UV-B radiation vs topical psoralen plus UV-A. Arch Dermatol. 1997;133(12):1525–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Kanwar AJ, Dogra S, Parsad D, Kumar B. Narrow-band UVB for the treatment of vitiligo: an emerging effective and well-tolerated therapy. Int J Dermatol. 2005;44(1):57–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Kishan Kumar YH, Rao GR, Gopal KV, Shanti G, Rao KV. Evaluation of narrow-band UVB phototherapy in 150 patients with vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2009;75(2):162–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Scherschun L, Kim JJ, Lim HW. Narrow-band ultraviolet B is a useful and well-tolerated treatment for vitiligo. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001;44(6):999–1003.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Anbar TS, Westerhof W, Abdel-Rahman AT, El-Khayyat MA. Evaluation of the effects of NB-UVB in both segmental and non-segmental vitiligo affecting different body sites. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2006;22(3):157–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Hallaji Z, Ghiasi M, Eisazadeh A, Damavandi MR. Evaluation of the effect of disease duration in generalized vitiligo on its clinical response to narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2012;28(3):115–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Natta R, Somsak T, Wisuttida T, Laor L. Narrowband ultraviolet B radiation therapy for recalcitrant vitiligo in Asians. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;49(3):473–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Nicolaidou E, Antoniou C, Stratigos AJ, Stefanaki C, Katsambas AD. Efficacy, predictors of response, and long-term follow-up in patients with vitiligo treated with narrowband UVB phototherapy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56(2):274–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Njoo MD, Bos JD, Westerhof W. Treatment of generalized vitiligo in children with narrow-band (TL-01) UVB radiation therapy. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2000;42(2 Pt 1):245–53.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Percivalle S, Piccinno R, Caccialanza M, Forti S. Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy in childhood vitiligo: evaluation of results in 28 patients. Pediatr Dermatol. 2012;29(2):160–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Brazzelli V, Prestinari F, Castello M, Bellani E, Roveda E, et al. Useful treatment of vitiligo in 10 children with UV-B narrowband (311 nm). Pediatr Dermatol. 2005;22(3):257–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Kanwar AJ, Dogra S. Narrow-band UVB for the treatment of generalized vitiligo in children. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2005;30(4):332–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Goktas EO, Aydin F, Senturk N, Canturk MT, Turanli AY. Combination of narrow band UVB and topical calcipotriol for the treatment of vitiligo. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(5):553–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Hartmann A, Lurz C, Hamm H, Brocker EB, Hofmann UB. Narrow-band UVB311 nm vs. broad-band UVB therapy in combination with topical calcipotriol vs. placebo in vitiligo. Int J Dermatol. 2005;44(9):736–42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Gamil H, Attwa E, Ghonemy S. Narrowband ultraviolet B as monotherapy and in combination with topical calcipotriol in the treatment of generalized vitiligo. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2010;35(8):919–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Arca E, Tastan HB, Erbil AH, Sezer E, Koc E, et al. Narrow-band ultraviolet B as monotherapy and in combination with topical calcipotriol in the treatment of vitiligo. J Dermatol. 2006;33(5):338–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Kullavanijaya P, Lim HW. Topical calcipotriene and narrowband ultraviolet B in the treatment of vitiligo. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2004;20(5):248–51.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Ada S, Sahin S, Boztepe G, Karaduman A, Kolemen F. No additional effect of topical calcipotriol on narrow-band UVB phototherapy in patients with generalized vitiligo. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2005;21(2):79–83.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Dogra S, Parsad D. Combination of narrowband UV-B and topical calcipotriene in vitiligo. Arch Dermatol. 2003;139(3):393.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Leone G, Pacifico A, Iacovelli P, Paro Vidolin A, Picardo M. Tacalcitol and narrow-band phototherapy in patients with vitiligo. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2006;31(2):200–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Nordal EJ, Guleng GE, Ronnevig JR. Treatment of vitiligo with narrowband-UVB (TL01) combined with tacrolimus ointment (0.1 %) vs. placebo ointment, a randomized right/left double-blind comparative study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25(12):1440–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Majid I. Does topical tacrolimus ointment enhance the efficacy of narrowband ultraviolet B therapy in vitiligo? A left–right comparison study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2010;26(5):230–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Mehrabi D, Pandya AG. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial comparing narrowband UV-B Plus 0.1 % tacrolimus ointment with narrowband UV-B plus placebo in the treatment of generalized vitiligo. Arch Dermatol. 2006;142(7):927–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Klahan S, Asawanonda P. Topical tacrolimus may enhance repigmentation with targeted narrowband ultraviolet B to treat vitiligo: a randomized, controlled study. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2009;34(8):e1029–30.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Fai D, Cassano N, Vena GA. Narrow-band UVB phototherapy combined with tacrolimus ointment in vitiligo: a review of 110 patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007;21(7):916–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Esfandiarpour I, Ekhlasi A, Farajzadeh S, Shamsadini S. The efficacy of pimecrolimus 1% cream plus narrow-band ultraviolet B in the treatment of vitiligo: a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. J Dermatolog Treat. 2009;20(1):14–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Schallreuter KU, Kruger C, Wurfel BA, Panske A, Wood JM. From basic research to the bedside: efficacy of topical treatment with pseudocatalase PC-KUS in 71 children with vitiligo. Int J Dermatol. 2008;47(7):743–53.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Patel DC, Evans AV, Hawk JL. Topical pseudocatalase mousse and narrowband UVB phototherapy is not effective for vitiligo: an open, single-centre study. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2002;27(8):641–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Bakis-Petsoglou S, Le Guay JL, Wittal R. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial of pseudocatalase cream and narrowband ultraviolet B in the treatment of vitiligo. Br J Dermatol. 2009;161(4):910–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Kostovic K, Pastar Z, Pasic A, Ceovic R. Treatment of vitiligo with narrow-band UVB and topical gel containing catalase and superoxide dismutase. Acta Dermatovenerol Croat. 2007;15(1):10–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Adauwiyah J, Suraiya HH. A retrospective study of narrowband-UVB phototherapy for treatment of vitiligo in Malaysian patients. Med J Malays. 2010;65(4):297–9.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Abd El-Samad Z, Shaaban D. Treatment of localized non-segmental vitiligo with intradermal 5-flurouracil injection combined with narrow-band ultraviolet B: a preliminary study. J Dermatolog Treat. 2012;23(6):443–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Asawanonda P, Klahan SO. Tetrahydrocurcuminoid cream plus targeted narrowband UVB phototherapy for vitiligo: a preliminary randomized controlled study. Photomed Laser Surg. 2010;28(5):679–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Majid I. Topical placental extract: does it increase the efficacy of narrowband UVB therapy in vitiligo? Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2010;76(3):254–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Tjioe M, Gerritsen MJ, Juhlin L, van de Kerkhof PC. Treatment of vitiligo vulgaris with narrow band UVB (311 nm) for one year and the effect of addition of folic acid and vitamin B12. Acta Derm Venereol. 2002;82(5):369–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Elgoweini M, Nour El Din N. Response of vitiligo to narrowband ultraviolet B and oral antioxidants. J Clin Pharmacol. 2009;49(7):852–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Middelkamp-Hup MA, Bos JD, Rius-Diaz F, Gonzalez S, Westerhof W. Treatment of vitiligo vulgaris with narrow-band UVB and oral Polypodium leucotomos extract: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007;21(7):942–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Dell’Anna ML, Mastrofrancesco A, Sala R, Venturini M, Ottaviani M, et al. Antioxidants and narrow band-UVB in the treatment of vitiligo: a double-blind placebo controlled trial. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2007;32(6):631–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Rath N, Kar HK, Sabhnani S. An open labeled, comparative clinical study on efficacy and tolerability of oral minipulse of steroid (OMP) alone, OMP with PUVA and broad / narrow band UVB phototherapy in progressive vitiligo. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2008;74(4):357–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Mofty ME, Zaher H, Esmat S, Youssef R, Shahin Z, et al. PUVA and PUVB in vitiligo: are they equally effective? Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2001;17(4):159–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. El Mofty M, Mostafa W, Esmat S, Youssef R, Azzam O, et al. Narrow band Ultraviolet B 311 nm in the treatment of vitiligo: two right-left comparison studies. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2006;22(1):6–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. Grimes PE, Hamzavi I, Lebwohl M, Ortonne JP, Lim HW. The efficacy of afamelanotide and narrowband UV-B phototherapy for repigmentation of vitiligo. JAMA Dermatol. 2013;149(1):68–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Anbar TS, Westerhof W, Abdel-Rahman AT, Ewis AA, El-Khayyat MA. Effect of one session of ER:YAG laser ablation plus topical 5Fluorouracil on the outcome of short-term NB-UVB phototherapy in the treatment of non-segmental vitiligo: a left–right comparative study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2008;24(6):322–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Bayoumi W, Fontas E, Sillard L, Le Duff F, Ortonne JP, et al. Effect of a preceding laser dermabrasion on the outcome of combined therapy with narrowband ultraviolet B and potent topical steroids for treating nonsegmental vitiligo in resistant localizations. Br J Dermatol. 2012;166(1):208–11.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Shin J, Lee JS, Hann SK, Oh SH. Combination treatment by 10 600 nm ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser and narrowband ultraviolet B in refractory nonsegmental vitiligo: a prospective, randomized half-body comparative study. Br J Dermatol. 2012;166(3):658–61.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. van Geel N, Ongenae K, De Mil M, Haeghen YV, Vervaet C, et al. Double-blind placebo-controlled study of autologous transplanted epidermal cell suspensions for repigmenting vitiligo. Arch Dermatol. 2004;140(10):1203–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. El-Zawahry BM, Bassiouny DA, Sobhi RM, Abdel-Aziz E, Zaki NS, et al. A comparative study on efficacy of UVA1 vs. narrow-band UVB phototherapy in the treatment of vitiligo. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2012;28(2):84–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Yones SS, Palmer RA, Garibaldinos TM, Hawk JL. Randomized double-blind trial of treatment of vitiligo: efficacy of psoralen-UV-A therapy vs Narrowband-UV-B therapy. Arch Dermatol. 2007;143(5):578–84.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Parsad D, Kanwar AJ, Kumar B. Psoralen-ultraviolet A vs. narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy for the treatment of vitiligo. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(2):175–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Sapam R, Agrawal S, Dhali TK. Systemic PUVA vs. narrowband UVB in the treatment of vitiligo: a randomized controlled study. Int J Dermatol. 2012;51(9):1107–15.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Bhatnagar A, Kanwar AJ, Parsad D, De D. Comparison of systemic PUVA and NB-UVB in the treatment of vitiligo: an open prospective study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007;21(5):638–42.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Casacci M, Thomas P, Pacifico A, Bonnevalle A, Paro Vidolin A, et al. Comparison between 308-nm monochromatic excimer light and narrowband UVB phototherapy (311–313 nm) in the treatment of vitiligo: a multicentre controlled study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2007;21(7):956–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Hong SB, Park HH, Lee MH. Short-term effects of 308-nm xenon-chloride excimer laser and narrow-band ultraviolet B in the treatment of vitiligo: a comparative study. J Korean Med Sci. 2005;20(2):273–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Linthorst Homan MW, Spuls PI, Nieuweboer-Krobotova L, de Korte J, Sprangers MA, et al. A randomized comparison of excimer laser versus narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy after punch grafting in stable vitiligo patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012;26(6):690–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. Verhaeghe E, Lodewick E, van Geel N, Lambert J. Intrapatient comparison of 308-nm monochromatic excimer light and localized narrow-band UVB phototherapy in the treatment of vitiligo: a randomized controlled trial. Dermatology. 2011;223(4):343–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Asawanonda P, Kijluakiat J, Korkij W, Sindhupak W. Targeted broadband ultraviolet b phototherapy produces similar responses to targeted narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy for vitiligo: a randomized, double-blind study. Acta Derm Venereol. 2008;88(4):376–81.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Hofer A, Cerroni L, Kerl H, Wolf P. Narrowband (311-nm) UV-B therapy for small plaque parapsoriasis and early-stage mycosis fungoides. Arch Dermatol. 1999;135(11):1377–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Clark C, Dawe RS, Evans AT, Lowe G, Ferguson J. Narrowband TL-01 phototherapy for patch-stage mycosis fungoides. Arch Dermatol. 2000;136(6):748–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Gathers RC, Scherschun L, Malick F, Fivenson DP, Lim HW. Narrowband UVB phototherapy for early-stage mycosis fungoides. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002;47(2):191–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Ghodsi SZ, Hallaji Z, Balighi K, Safar F, Chams-Davatchi C. Narrow-band UVB in the treatment of early stage mycosis fungoides: report of 16 patients. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2005;30(4):376–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Boztepe G, Sahin S, Ayhan M, Erkin G, Kilemen F. Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy to clear and maintain clearance in patients with mycosis fungoides. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;53(2):242–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Kural Y, Onsun N, Aygin S, Demirkesen C, Buyukbabani N. Efficacy of narrowband UVB phototherapy in early stage of mycosis fungoides. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(1):104–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Brazzelli V, Antoninetti M, Palazzini S, Prestinari F, Borroni G. Narrow-band ultraviolet therapy in early-stage mycosis fungoides: study on 20 patients. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2007;23(6):229–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. Gokdemir G, Barutcuoglu B, Sakiz D, Koslu A. Narrowband UVB phototherapy for early-stage mycosis fungoides: evaluation of clinical and histopathological changes. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(7):804–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. Kanokrungsee S, Rajatanavin N, Rutnin S, Vachiramon V. Efficacy of narrowband ultraviolet B twice weekly for hypopigmented mycosis fungoides in Asians. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2012;37(2):149–52.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. Ferahbas A, Utas S, Ulas Y, Kontas O, Karakukcu M, et al. Narrow band UVB treatment for a child with mycosis fungoides. Pediatr Dermatol. 2006;23(3):302–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Kavala M, Zindanci I, Buyukbabani N, Turkoglu Z, Kocaturk E, et al. Treatment of childhood mycosis fungoides with narrow-band phototherapy. Int J Dermatol. 2009;48(2):203–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  134. D’Acunto C, Gurioli C, Neri I. Plaque stage mycosis fungoides treated with bexarotene at low dosage and UVB-NB. J Dermatol Treat. 2010;21(1):45–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  135. Lokitz ML, Wong HK. Bexarotene and narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy combination treatment for mycosis fungoides. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2007;23(6):255–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  136. El-Mofty M, El-Darouty M, Salonas M, Bosseila M, Sobeih S, et al. Narrow band UVB (311 nm), psoralen UVB (311 nm) and PUVA therapy in the treatment of early-stage mycosis fungoides: a right–left comparative study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2005;21(6):281–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  137. Ahmad K, Rogers S, McNicholas PD, Collins P. Narrowband UVB and PUVA in the treatment of mycosis fungoides: a retrospective study. Acta Derm Venereol. 2007;87(5):413–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  138. Ponte P, Serrao V, Apetato M. Efficacy of narrowband UVB vs. PUVA in patients with early-stage mycosis fungoides. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010;24(6):716–21.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. El-Mofty M, Mostafa WZ, Bosseila M, Youssef R, Esmat S, et al. A large scale analytical study on efficacy of different photo(chemo)therapeutic modalities in the treatment of psoriasis, vitiligo and mycosis fungoides. Dermatol Ther. 2010;23(4):428–34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  140. Diederen PV, van Weelden H, Sanders CJ, Toonstra J, van Vloten WA. Narrowband UVB and psoralen-UVA in the treatment of early-stage mycosis fungoides: a retrospective study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2003;48(2):215–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  141. Pavlotsky F, Barzilai A, Kasem R, Shpiro D, Trau H. UVB in the management of early stage mycosis fungoides. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2006;20(5):565–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Wongpraparut C, Setabutra P. Phototherapy for hypopigmented mycosis fungoides in Asians. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2012;28(4):181–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  143. Pirkhammer D, Seeber A, Honigsmann H, Tanew A. Narrow-band ultraviolet B (ATL-01) phototherapy is an effective and safe treatment option for patients with severe seborrhoeic dermatitis. Br J Dermatol. 2000;143(5):964–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  144. Taneja A, Taylor CR. Narrow-band UVB for lichen planus treatment. Int J Dermatol. 2002;41(5):282–3.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  145. Saricaoglu H, Karadogan SK, Baskan EB, Tunali S. Narrowband UVB therapy in the treatment of lichen planus. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2003;19(5):265–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  146. Wackernagel A, Legat FJ, Hofer A, Quehenberger F, Kerl H, et al. Psoralen plus UVA vs. UVB-311 nm for the treatment of lichen planus. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2007;23(1):15–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  147. Pavlotsky F, Nathansohn N, Kriger G, Shpiro D, Trau H. Ultraviolet-B treatment for cutaneous lichen planus: our experience with 50 patients. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2008;24(2):83–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Gamil H, Nassar A, Saadawi A, El-Qashishi K, Ahmed F. Narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy in lichen planus. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2009;23(5):589–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  149. Collins P, Ferguson J. Narrow-band UVB (TL-01) phototherapy: an effective preventative treatment for the photodermatoses. Br J Dermatol. 1995;132(6):956–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  150. Bilsland D, George SA, Gibbs NK, Aitchison T, Johnson BE, et al. A comparison of narrow band phototherapy (TL-01) and photochemotherapy (PUVA) in the management of polymorphic light eruption. Br J Dermatol. 1993;129(6):708–12.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  151. Calzavara-Pinton P, Zane C, Rossi M, Sala R, Venturini M. Narrowband ultraviolet B phototherapy is a suitable treatment option for solar urticaria. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2012;67(1):e5–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  152. Gupta G, Man I, Kemmett D. Hydroa vacciniforme: a clinical and follow-up study of 17 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2000;42(2 Pt 1):208–13.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Archier E, Devaux S, Castela E, Gallini A, Aubin F, et al. Carcinogenic risks of psoralen UV-A therapy and narrowband UV-B therapy in chronic plaque psoriasis: a systematic literature review. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012;26(Suppl 3):22–31.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. Budiyanto A, Ueda M, Ueda T, Ichihashi M. Formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2′-deoxyguanosine in mouse and organ-cultured human skin by irradiation with broadband or with narrowband UVB. Photochem Photobiol. 2002;76(4):397–400.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  155. Tzung TY, Runger TM. Assessment of DNA damage induced by broadband and narrowband UVB in cultured lymphoblasts and keratinocytes using the comet assay. Photochem Photobiol. 1998;67(6):647–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  156. Flindt-Hansen H, McFadden N, Eeg-Larsen T, Thune P. Effect of a new narrow-band UVB lamp on photocarcinogenesis in mice. Acta Derm Venereol. 1991;71(3):245–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  157. Wulf HC, Hansen AB, Bech-Thomsen N. Differences in narrow-band ultraviolet B and broad-spectrum ultraviolet photocarcinogenesis in lightly pigmented hairless mice. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 1994;10(5):192–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. Gibbs NK, Traynor NJ, MacKie RM, Campbell I, Johnson BE, et al. The phototumorigenic potential of broad-band (270–350 nm) and narrow-band (311–313 nm) phototherapy sources cannot be predicted by their edematogenic potential in hairless mouse skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1995;104(3):359–63.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  159. Tjioe M, Smits T, van de Kerkhof PC, Gerritsen MJ. The differential effect of broad band vs narrow band UVB with respect to photodamage and cutaneous inflammation. Exp Dermatol. 2003;12(6):729–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  160. Weischer M, Blum A, Eberhard F, Rocken M, Berneburg M. No evidence for increased skin cancer risk in psoriasis patients treated with broadband or narrowband UVB phototherapy: a first retrospective study. Acta Derm Venereol. 2004;84(5):370–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  161. Black RJ, Gavin AT. Photocarcinogenic risk of narrowband ultraviolet B (TL-01) phototherapy: early follow-up data. Br J Dermatol. 2006;154(3):566–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  162. Man I, Crombie IK, Dawe RS, Ibbotson SH, Ferguson J. The photocarcinogenic risk of narrowband UVB (TL-01) phototherapy: early follow-up data. Br J Dermatol. 2005;152(4):755–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  163. Hearn RM, Kerr AC, Rahim KF, Ferguson J, Dawe RS. Incidence of skin cancers in 3867 patients treated with narrow-band ultraviolet B phototherapy. Br J Dermatol. 2008;159(4):931–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Westmead Hospital, Cnr Hawkesbury Road and Darcy Road, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia

    Anna Sokolova

  2. Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Reserve Road, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia

    Andrew Lee & Saxon D Smith

  3. Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia

    Andrew Lee & Saxon D Smith

Authors
  1. Anna Sokolova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Andrew Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Saxon D Smith
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Andrew Lee.

Ethics declarations

Funding

No funding was received for the preparation of this review.

Conflict of interest

Anna Sokolova, Andrew Lee and Saxon Smith have no conflicts of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sokolova, A., Lee, A. & D Smith, S. The Safety and Efficacy of Narrow Band Ultraviolet B Treatment in Dermatology: A Review. Am J Clin Dermatol 16, 501–531 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-015-0151-7

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-015-0151-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation