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Li4Mn5O12 Cathode for Both 3 V and 4 V Lithium-ion Batteries

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Abstract

Spinel Li4Mn5O12 has been of economical and academic interest as cathode material for 3 V lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) since the 1990s. Recent studies also demonstrate that the increase of upper cut-off voltage to 5.0 V can significantly promote the specific capacity and the average operating voltage thus enabling its possibility to be used in 4 V LIBs. It is cost-effective and environmentally benign, shows structural stability without suffering from Jahn-Teller distortion due to the tetravalent oxidation state of Mn ion. However, the undesirable decomposition reactions during high-temperature calcination result in the difficulty of fabricating stoichiometric Li4Mn5O12 compounds. Meanwhile, the high capacity led by the enlarged voltage window is combined with fast capacity fading due to the poor reversibility of oxygen redox. In this review, the understanding of the relationship between structure and stochiometric chemistry of Li4Mn5O12 is discussed and the ways to improving its electrochemical performance are summarized. Our focus is its recent developments of being used as high voltage cathode or “additive” for layered cathodes. At last, we also provide our perspectives on this material regarding to the target of enabling its application in 4 V LIBs.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the European Union through the Horizon 2020 Framework Program for Research and Innovation within the Projects “SPIDER”(No 814389), the China Scholarship Council(CSC) and the Guangdong Natural Science Foundation for Basic and Applied Basic Research, China (No.2021A1515010138).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Energy, Politecnico di Milano, Via Lambruschini 4, 20156, Milano, Italy

    Ruonan Zhu & Jie Li

  2. Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P. R. China

    Jun Wang

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  1. Ruonan Zhu
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  2. Jun Wang
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Correspondence to Jie Li.

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Zhu, R., Wang, J. & Li, J. Li4Mn5O12 Cathode for Both 3 V and 4 V Lithium-ion Batteries. Chem. Res. Chin. Univ. 37, 1031–1043 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40242-021-1305-1

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