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Continuous treatment of highly concentrated tannery wastewater using novel porous composite beads: Central composite design optimization study

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Abstract

This present study depicts the successful employment of fixed-bed column for total chromium removal from tannery wastewater in dynamic mode using sodium alginate-powdered marble beads (SA–Marble) as adsorbent. The SA–Marble composite beads prepared were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) method. The adsorption process performance of this bio-sorbent was examined in batches and columns for real effluent (tannery wastewater). After 90 min, the total chromium removal efficiency could be kept above 90% in the batch experiment. The adsorption kinetics fit better with the pseudo-second-order model, indicating the chemisorption process and the adsorption capacity of about 67.74 mg g−1 at 293 K (C0 = 7100 mg L−1) was obtained. Additionally, dynamic experiments indicate that the total chromium removal efficiency could be maintained above 90% after 120 min at 293 K and 60 min at 318 and 333 K; it’s an endothermic but rapid process. The effects of two adsorption variables (Temperature and time) were investigated using central composite design (CCD), which is a subset of response surface methodology (total Cr, COD, sulfate, and total phosphorus percentage removal). This work paves a new avenue for synthesizing SA–Marble composite beads and provides an adsorption efficiency of total chromium removal from tannery wastewater.

Graphical abstract

Highlights

  • Powder marble coated in sodium-alginate beads (SA–Marble) was prepared & characterized,

  • A reactor with a fixed bed was employed for the dynamic removal of total Cr from tannery wastewater,

  • A capacity of 67.74 mg g−1 at 293 K (C0=7100 mg L-1) allows 90% total Cr removal after 90mn,

  • Pseudo-II-order model simulates well the total Cr endothermic rapid chemisorption process,

  • COD, SO2-4, and TP good removal suggest its use as a successful tannery wastewater treatment.

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Data availability

The datasets and materials used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Morocco-Tunisian bilateral scientific cooperation project (20/MT-PRD-02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Center for Research and Studies On Water and Energy (CNEREE), Cadi Ayyad University, B. 511, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco

    Amina Lissaneddine, Naaila Ouazzani, Imane Haydari, Laila Mandi & Faissal Aziz

  2. Laboratory of Water, Biodiversity, and Climate Change, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, B.P. 2390, 40000, Marrakech, Morocco

    Amina Lissaneddine, Naaila Ouazzani, Imane Haydari, Laila Mandi & Faissal Aziz

  3. Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cadiz, Puerto Real, Cadiz, 11510, Spain

    Khalid Aziz

  4. Materials Science and Nano-Engineering (MSN) Department, VI Mohammed Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660 – Hay Moulay Rachid, Benguerir, 43150, Morocco

    Mounir El Achaby

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  1. Amina Lissaneddine
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Lissaneddine, A., Aziz, K., Ouazzani, N. et al. Continuous treatment of highly concentrated tannery wastewater using novel porous composite beads: Central composite design optimization study. J Environ Health Sci Engineer 21, 513–532 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40201-023-00878-7

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