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Evaluation of the frequency of metabolic syndrome and assessment of cardiometabolic index among men with erectile dysfunction: a prospective cross-sectional study

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Abstract

Purpose

Recently, an association has been observed between metabolic syndrome and erectile dysfunction (ED). This study aimed to evaluate the cardiometabolic index (CMI) in patients with ED.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was performed on 144 patients with ED who were referred to a urology clinic in Rasht, Iran, from 2019 to 2021. Metabolic syndrome was evaluated according to National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel (NCEP) and Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III) criteria which are considered three positive criteria from five. Also, the ED severity was classified as weak, moderate, and severe based on the five-item International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF5) questionnaire.

Results

The mean age of participants was 53.46 ± 10.58 years. 56.9% had abdominal obesity, 48.6% had hypertriglyceridemia, 34.7% had low HDL-C, 55.6% had hypertension and 56.9% had elevated fasting blood sugar (FBS). 43.8% had diabetes and 13.2% had cardiovascular disease. The mean CMI was 2.51 ± 1.57. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 50.7%. Body mass index (BMI) was significantly associated with metabolic syndrome and CMI (P = 0.001). The severity of ED had a significant relationship with high FBS in patients. CMI and components of abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-C had no statistically significant relationship with ED. However, the incidence of moderate and severe ED increased with increasing the number of metabolic syndrome components.

Conclusion

ED is not significantly associated with metabolic syndrome and CMI, however, the severity of this disorder increases with increasing the number of components of metabolic syndrome.

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Abbreviations

ATP III:

Adult Treatment Panel III

BMI:

Body mass index

CMI:

Cardiometabolic index

ED:

Erectile dysfunction

FBS:

Fasting blood suger

HDL-C:

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol

IIEF:

International Index of Erectile Function

NCEP:

National Cholesterol Education Program Expert Panel

TG:

Triglyceride

WHtR:

Waist-to-height ratio

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Urology Research Center, School of Medicine, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 009843, Iran

    Ali Hamidi Madani, Ardalan Akhavan, Ali Sadeghi Farah & Samaneh Esmaeili

  2. Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Department of Urology, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 009821, Iran

    Mohammad Hamidi Madani, Pardis Ziaeefar, Hamidreza Rouientan & Behzad Narouie

  3. Department of Biostatistics, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 009843, Iran

    Saman Maroufizadeh

  4. Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Shafa Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, 009843, Iran

    Seyedeh Maryam Zavarmousavi

  5. Department of Urology, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, 009854, Iran

    Behzad Narouie

Authors
  1. Ali Hamidi Madani
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Contributions

AHM: Conceptualization, Project administration, Review & editing. AK: Supervision, Project administration, Review & editing. MHM: Conceptualization, Project administration. ASF: Investigation, Data curation. SE: Project administration, Investigation, Data curation. SM: Supervision, Investigation, Data curation. SMZ: Investigation, Data curation, Formal analysis. PZ: Writing – original draft, Methodology, Formal analysis. HR: Writing – original draft, Methodology, Review & editing. BN: Investigation, Data curation, Review & editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohammad Hamidi Madani.

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Ethics approval and consent to participate

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Guilan University of Medical Sciences (IR.GUMS.REC.1400.015) and it was under the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed written consent form was completed by every participant.

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The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Madani, A.H., Akhavan, A., Madani, M.H. et al. Evaluation of the frequency of metabolic syndrome and assessment of cardiometabolic index among men with erectile dysfunction: a prospective cross-sectional study. J Diabetes Metab Disord 22, 1191–1196 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-023-01231-3

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