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High intensity interval training improves diabetic cardiomyopathy via miR-1 dependent suppression of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in diabetic rats

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Abstract

Purpose

Diabetes and its complications such as diabetic cardiomyopathy still account for significant morbidity and mortality. High-quality evidence was shown the importance of exercise in controlling diabetes complications, but the molecular mechanism on diabetic cardiomyopathy is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to compare and investigate the effect of high intensity interval training (HIIT) and continuous endurance training (CET) on the signaling pathway of diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Methods

Hence, 21 Wistar rats with an average weight of 260 ± 10 g, after induction of diabetes (STZ 50 mg/kg BW) were randomly divided into three groups (control, CET and HIIT; n = 7). Training programs were conducted 5 days a week for 5 weeks. CET program was defined as running at 60% vVO2max for 30 min in each session and the HIIT program was defined as running at 85–90% vVO2max for 3 min followed by 1 min recovery (30–35% vVO2max), that was repeated four times in each session. The cardiac performance was analyzed via determination of end systolic and diastolic dimensions and the ejection fraction by echocardiography. To elucidate the responsible molecular mechanism of miR-1, IGF-1 and IGF-1R mRNA and apoptosis marker protein expression were investigated.

Results

Both training programs specifically HIIT, significantly reduced the blood glucose, enhanced heart performance, reduced miR-1 expression, induced IGF-1 and IGF-1R expression and reduced apoptotic protein expression.

Conclusion

We showed that HIIT is more effective than CET for reduction of diabetic cardiomyopathy as a complication of diabetes in animal models through suppressing miR-1 and its downstream apoptosis pathway.

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by grants from Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (1392-02-97-1677). We thank Nandini Nair, Professor at Texas Tech University for her technical contribution and assist.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Delfan

  2. Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    Mahmoud Delphan

  3. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammd Reza Kordi & Ali Asghar Ravasi

  4. Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Majid Safa

  5. Department of Hematology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Majid Safa

  6. Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Medicine, AJA University of Medical sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Sattar Gorgani-Firuzjaee

  7. Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Ahmad Fatemi

  8. Department Hematology, School of Allied Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran

    Ahmad Fatemi

  9. Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Fatemeh Bandarian

  10. Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 5th floor, Shariati Hopital, North Kargar Ave., Tehran, Iran

    Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani

Authors
  1. Maryam Delfan
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  2. Mahmoud Delphan
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  3. Mohammd Reza Kordi
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Correspondence to Ensieh Nasli-Esfahani.

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Delfan, M., Delphan, M., Kordi, M.R. et al. High intensity interval training improves diabetic cardiomyopathy via miR-1 dependent suppression of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in diabetic rats. J Diabetes Metab Disord 19, 145–152 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-019-00485-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40200-019-00485-0

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