Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Microwave assisted synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted polymeric blend of fenugreek seed mucilage-Polyvinyl alcohol (FSM-PVA-g-PAM) and its characterizations as tissue engineered scaffold and as a drug delivery device

  • Research Article
  • Published:
DARU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Microwave assisted synthesis of graft copolymer of polymeric blend of Fenugreek seed mucilage (FSM)-Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with acrylamide (AM) was done by free radical polymerization using ammonium per sulfate (APS) as initiator. Varying amount of AM and APS was used to optimize the best grade based on highest percentage grafting efficiency and investigated with intrinsic viscosity measurement, Fourier Transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),13C NMR spectra, X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, Thermogravimetric analysis, Scanning electron microscopy. The results of intrinsic viscosity indicate that the optimized sample GF4 has longer chain length than in comparison to the native mucilage and thus exhibits more swelling tendencies and thus can be used as very good controlled release matrix system. The thermal analysis and X-ray indicates that GF4 is more stable and possess more amorphous properties than the native FSM. The NMR and FT-IR studies reveal that in GF4 there is prominent presence of amide and the hydroxyl groups indicating that grafting mechanism has efficiently taken place. Histological studies & SEM image for optimized grade implanted on animals revealed sufficient tissue growth and exhibited biodegradability proving the material to be biocompatible and suitable to be used as tissue engineered scaffolds. The controlled release behavior of the optimized polymeric system GF4 was evidenced by 95% release of loaded drug Enalapril maleate for 16 h.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Dong H, Xu Q, Li Y, Mo S, Cai S, Liu L. The synthesis of biodegradable graft copolymer cellulose-graft-poly(l-lactide) and the study of its controlled drug release. Colloids Surf B: Biointerfaces. 2008;66:26–33.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Mishra S, Mukul A, Sen G, Jha U. Microwave assisted synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted starch (St-g-PAM) and its applicability as flocculant for water treatment. Int J Biol Macromol. 2011;48:106–11.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Sen G, Singh RP, Pal S. Microwave-initiated synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted sodium alginate: synthesis and characterization. J Appl Polym Sci. 2010;115:63–71.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Maiti S, Ranjit S, Sa B. Polysaccharide-based graft copolymers in controlled drug delivery. Int J PharmTech Res. 2010;2:1350–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Srivastava A, Behari K. Synthesis and characterization of graft copolymer (guar gum–g–N-vinyl-2 pyrrolidone) and investigation of metal ion sorption and swelling behavior. J Appl Polym Sci. 2006;100:2480–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. da Silva DA, de Paula RCM, Feitosa JPA. Graft copolymerisation of acrylamide onto cashew gum. Eur Polym J. 2007;43:2620–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Sen G, Mishra S, Jha U, Pal S. Microwave initiated synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted guar gum (GG-g-PAM)—characterizations and application as matrix for controlled release of 5-amino salicylic acid. Int J Biol Macromol. 2010;47:164–70.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Khan F, Tanaka M. Designing smart biomaterials for tissue engineering. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19:17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Sabbagh F, Muhamad II. Acrylamide-based hydrogel drug delivery systems: release of acyclovir from MgO nanocomposite hydrogel. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng. 2017;72:182–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2016.11.032.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Mishra A, Yadav A, Pal S, Singh A. Biodegradable graft copolymers of fenugreek mucilage and polyacrylamide: a renewable reservoir to biomaterials. Carbohydr Polym. 2006;65:58–63.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Tanan W, Saengsuwan S. Microwave assisted synthesis of poly (acrylamide-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)/poly (vinyl alcohol) semi-IPN hydrogel. Energy Procedia. 2014;56:386–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Kongparakul S, Prasassarakich S, Rempel LG. Effect of grafted methylmethacrylate on the catalytic hydrogenation of natural rubber. Eur Polym J. 2008;44:1915–20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Pal P, Pandey JP, Sen G. Synthesis, characterization and flocculation studies of a novel graft copolymer towards destabilization of carbon nano-tubes from effluent. Polymer. 2017;112:159–68.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Pal S, Sen G, Ghosh S, Singh RP. High Performane polymeric flocculant based on modified polysaccharides-microwave assisted synthesis. Carbohydr Polym. 2012;87:336–42.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Rahul R, Jha U, Sen G, Mishra S. A novel polymeric flocculant based on polyacrylamide grafted inulin: aquous microwave assisted synthesis. Carbohydr Polym. 2014;99:11–21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Sharma RK, Lalita, Singh AP. Synthesis and characterization of chitosan based graft copolymers for drug release applications. J Chem Pharm Res. 2015;7(6):612–21.

  17. Wesolowski M, Rojek B. Thermogravimetric detection of incompatibilities between atenolol and excipients using multivariate techniques. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2013;113:169–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Schott H. Polymers. In: Martin A, Bustamante P, Chun AHC, editors. Physical pharmacy. 4th ed. Maryland: B.I.Waverly Pvt. Ltd; 1994. p. 561–3.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Azmeera V, Rastogi PK, Adhikary P. Synthesis, characterization and cyclic voltammetric study ofcopper(II) and nickel(II) polymer chelates. Carbohydr Polym. 2014;110:388–95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Meena R, Prasad K, Mehta G, Siddhanta AK. Synthesis of the copolymer hydrogel k-carrageenan-graft-PAAm: evaluation of its absorbent and adhesive properties. J Appl Polym Sci. 2006;102:5144–53.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Sen G, Ghosha S, Jha U, Pal S. Hydrolyzed polyacrylamide grafted carboxymethyl starch (Hyd. CMS-g-PAM): an efficient flocculant for the treatment of textile industry wastewater. Chem Eng J. 2011;171:495–501.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Usha Rani G. Ananda Kumar Konreddy, Sumit Mishra∗, Gautam Sen. Synthesis and applications of polyacrylamide grafted agar as a matrix for controlled drug release of 5-ASA. Int J Biol Macromol. 2014;65:375–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Tosha SM, Chisty AASJ, Asaduzzaman M, Bhuiyan MA. Development and in vitro evaluation of pulsatile drug delivery system of Enalapril maleate. Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal. 2015;18(1):66–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Sumayya AS, Muraleedhara Kurup G. Biocompatibility of subcutaneously implanted marine macromolecules cross-linked bio-composite scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering applications. J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2018;29:257–76.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Nishida E, Miyaji H, Kato A, HirokoTakita TI, TakehitoMomose KO, Murakami S, et al. Graphene oxide scaffold accelerates cellular proliferative response and alveolar bone healing of tooth extraction socket. Int J Nanomedicine. 2016;11:2265–77.

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  26. Beauchamp. Infrared Tables (short summary of common absorption frequencies) https://www.cpp.edu/~psbeauchamp/pdf/spec_ir_nmr_spectra_tables.pdf. Accessed 5 Oct 2018.

  27. Hancock BC, Parks M. What is true solubility advantage for amorphous pharmaceuticals? Pharm Res. 2000;17(4):397–404.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Songa Y, Wei D. Preparation and characterization of graft copolymers of silk Sericin and methyl methacrylate. Polym Polym Compos. 2006;14(2):169–74.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Muschert S, Siepmann F, Leclercq B, Carlin B, Siepmann J. Drug release mechanisms from ethylcellulose: PVA-PEG graft copolymer-coated pellets. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2009;72:130–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Sen G, Pal S. Microwave initiated synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted carboxymethyl starch (CMS-g-PAM): application as a novel matrix for sustained drug release. Int J Biol Macromol. 2009;45(1):48–55.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Paul DR. Elaborations on the Higuchi model for drug delivery. Int J Pharm. 2011;418(1):13–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. YuanGao JZ, NadiaBou-Chacra T d JAP, Clas S-D, Walker RB, Löbenberg R. In vitro release kinetics of Antituberculosis drugs from nanoparticles assessed using a modified dissolution apparatus. Biomed Res Int. 2013;2013:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/136590.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Swain S, Bal T. Microwave irradiated carrageenan-guar gum micro-porous IPN: a novel material for isotropic tissue scaffolding. Int J Polym Mater Polym Biomater. 2018:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/00914037.2018.1506986.

  34. Fatemeh Hajiaghaalipour MSK. Mahmood Ameen Abdulla, JunedahSanusi. The effect of Camellia sinensis on wound healing potential in an animal model. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/386734.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Wosgrau AC, Jeremias Tda S, Leonardi DF, Pereima MJ, Di Giunta G, Trentin AG. Comparative experimental study of wound healing in mice: Pelnac versus Integra. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0120322. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120322.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  36. De Vries HJ, Mekkes JR, Middelkoop E, Hinrichs WL, Wildevuur CR, Westerhof W. Dermal substitutes for full-thickness wounds in a one-stage grafting model. Wound Repair Regen. 1993;1:244–52. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.1993.10410.x.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the instrumental support of Central Instrumentation Facility, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, for sophisticated instrument to carry out this experiment.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, 835215, India

    Trishna Bal & Sabyasachi Swain

Authors
  1. Trishna Bal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sabyasachi Swain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

The experimental study was done by Corresponding author Trishna Bal (TB) as a part of her reserach work who did all the practical experiments and drafted the article. The other coauthor, Sabyasachi Swain (SS) did the insertion of the polymeric scaffolds in animals. All authors read and approved the final copy of the text.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Trishna Bal.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Electronic supplementary material

ESM 1

(DOCX 181 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Bal, T., Swain, S. Microwave assisted synthesis of polyacrylamide grafted polymeric blend of fenugreek seed mucilage-Polyvinyl alcohol (FSM-PVA-g-PAM) and its characterizations as tissue engineered scaffold and as a drug delivery device. DARU J Pharm Sci 28, 33–44 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40199-019-00237-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40199-019-00237-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation