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Influence of dispersant-mixed TiO2 nanoparticles on stability and physicochemical properties of Semecarpus anacardium biodiesel blend

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Abstract

Biodiesel has gained great relevance in diesel engine applications in recent years owing to its economic and environmental advantages. Even so, biodiesel fuel has enormous potential for boosting engine performance and lowering emissions in diesel engines. Adding nanoparticles is an evident way to enhance the physicochemical properties of biodiesel which perhaps boost the performance and brings down the emissions. The present exploration deals with the study of the nanoparticle stability and physicochemical properties of TiO2 nanoparticles dosed Semecarpus anacardium biodiesel blend. The TiO2 nanoparticles were mixed at different proportions such as: 50 mg/L, 75 mg/L, and 100 mg/L. Besides, the dispersant (QPAN80) was included in the TiO2 nanoparticle at 1:1 proportion. The whole procedure was completed with the aid of an ultrasonicator. Further, the base and dispersant-added TiO2 nanoparticles were added in the biodiesel blend (BD20) for the nano-fuel preparation using the probe sonicator. The stability analysis and physicochemical properties were estimated for different nano-fuel samples. The stability of TiO2 nanoparticles was estimated in terms of transmittance and absorbance with the use of a spectrophotometer, whereas the physicochemical properties were assessed based on the ASTM standards. It was attributed that the TiO2 nanoparticle stability was seen better with dispersant-added nano-fuel as compared to base nano-fuels. Besides, the physicochemical properties for instance cetane number and the heating value of the nano-fuel were enhanced compared to base diesel and BD20. Among all the fuels tested, the B20 with 75 mg/L TiO2 nanoparticles and 75 mg/L dispersant has shown tremendous stability than the leftover samples, while the cetane number and calorific value were attained better with the same combination.

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Abbreviations

NaOH:

Sodium hydroxide

BD100:

Semecarpus anacardium Biodiesel (100%)

BD20:

Semecarpus anacardium Biodiesel (20%)

TiO2 :

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles

ASTM:

American Standards for Testing Materials

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

HLB:

Hydrophilic and lipophilic balance

DSC:

Differential scanning calorimetry

FTIR:

Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy

mg/L:

Milli gram per liter

Al2O3 :

Aluminum oxide nanoparticles

ZnO:

Zinc oxide nanoparticles

CuO:

Copper oxide nanoparticles

SiO2 :

Silicon dioxide nanoparticles

CeO2 :

Cerium oxide nanoparticles

Co3O4 :

Cobalt tetraoxide

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India

    Madhavi Illipilla & Sathya Vara Prasad Lankapalli

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, GITAM Institute of Technology, Visakhapatnam, India

    Jaikumar Sagari

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  1. Madhavi Illipilla
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  2. Sathya Vara Prasad Lankapalli
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Illipilla, M., Lankapalli, S.V.P. & Sagari, J. Influence of dispersant-mixed TiO2 nanoparticles on stability and physicochemical properties of Semecarpus anacardium biodiesel blend. Int Nano Lett 13, 53–62 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40089-022-00384-y

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