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Thermo-Mathematical Modeling and Multi-Objective Programming of the Solar-Assisted Heat Pump System Coupled to the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: A Case Study in Iran

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A Correction to this article was published on 11 December 2022

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Abstract

This research intends to present the thermo-mathematical modeling and multiple-objective optimization (MOO) of the indirect-expansion solar-assisted heat pump (IDX-SAHP) system. After verification of the proposed IDX-SAHP with the experimental results, the system performance is examined under the mild zone of Iran in the course of the year. Next, the sensitivity analysis (SA) is implemented via the one-parameter-at-a-time (OPAT) technique to examine the influences of diverse variables. Then, the single-objective optimizations (SOOs) and MOO processes are implemented through single- and multiple-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithms to maximize the coefficient of performance (COP) and the collector efficiency (CE), individually and simultaneously. The results achieved by the SOOs depict that the design of IDX-SAHP as per the COP-based SOO offers a better system in contrast to the CE-based SOO. Furthermore, the optimal solutions obtained by the MOO are presented in the form of Prato curve to depict the COP and CE interactions. Afterward, to achieve the final optimum layout, the multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) method is integrated with the MOO through MatLab programming language. The optimization results demonstrate that MOO gives better comprehensive performance in contrast to the SOOs in such a way that although the CE of the maximized IDX-SAHP reduces a little from \(52\) to \(47\%\), its COP increases greatly from \(3\) to \(7\), resulting in reducing the total working hour up to \(282\) h in contrast to the initial system, and consequently, the overall power use of the maximized system largely reduces. This research reveals the importance of parametric analysis, multi-objective optimization, and multi-criteria decision analysis during the IDX-SAHP design to increase the efficiency and to decrease the power use of the system by selecting the most appropriate design parameters of the system.

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Abbreviations

A :

Area (m2)

COP:

Coefficient of performance

C P :

Specific heat capacity (J/kg K)

D :

Diameter (m)

F′ :

Collector efficiency factor

GWS:

Glycol–Water solution

h :

Specific enthalpy (J/kg)

I T :

Solar intensity (W/m2)

K :

Thermal conductivity (W/m K)

L :

Length (m)

M :

Mass (kg)

MSHs:

Monthly sunshine hours

ṁ :

Mass flow rate (kg/s)

N :

Number of glass cover

\(\dot{Q}\) :

Thermal heat rate (W)

S :

Solar radiation absorbed by the collector per unit area (W/m2)

CE:

Collector efficiency

T :

Mean temperature (K)

TEV:

Thermostatic expansion valve

T :

Time (s)

U L :

Overall heat loss coefficient (W/m2 K)

u :

Speed (m/s)

V :

Volume (m3)

V d :

Displacement volume rate (m3/rev)

ν :

Specific volumve (m3/kg)

W :

Pitch of the tube in collector plate (m)

Α :

Absorptivity

β :

Collector tilt angle (deg)

δ :

Thickness (m)

ε :

Emissivity

η :

Efficiency

k :

Polytropic index

μ :

Viscosity (Pa·s)

σ :

Stefan–Boltzmann constant (W/m2 K4)

ω :

Compressor speed (rpm)

a:

Ambient air

Cond:

Condenser

cl:

Collector

cm:

Compressor

eva:

Evaporator

g :

Vapor

gl:

Glass

gw:

Glycol–Water

i :

Input, inlet

l :

Liquid

m :

Mean

o :

Output, outlet

p :

Plate

r :

Refrigerant

W :

Water

w :

Wind

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Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest regarding the publication of this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environment, Aras International Campus, University of Tehran, 5441656498, Tehran, Iran

    Masoud Nasouri

  2. School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, 1417853111, Tehran, Iran

    Hassan Hoveidi, Mohammad Javad Amiri & Gholamreza Nabi Bidhendi

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  1. Masoud Nasouri
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Nasouri, M., Hoveidi, H., Amiri, M.J. et al. Thermo-Mathematical Modeling and Multi-Objective Programming of the Solar-Assisted Heat Pump System Coupled to the Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: A Case Study in Iran. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. C 103, 1469–1484 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40032-022-00867-z

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