Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cold-Formed Steel Built-Up I-Beam with the Trapezoidal Corrugated Web: Tests and Numerical Simulation

  • Original Contribution
  • Published:
Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The use of cold-formed steel (CFS) sections as the primary load-carrying members in residential and industrial buildings is rising. Different forms of cross sections are adopted for flexural members. This article presents a detailed study on the flexural performance of CFS built-up flexural members with corrugated web. The influence of different parameters, such as the aspect ratio and angle of corrugation, towards evaluating the appropriateness of the current design methods in the design of cold-formed steel built-up I-beam with the trapezoidal corrugated web was assessed. Twenty-eight simply supported beam specimens under monotonically applied four-point bending were studied. A nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) was also conducted by using ANSYS software, and the numerical models were validated against the test results. The FEA results were in close agreement with that of the experiment. Further, the experimental as well as the numerical flexural strengths of specimens were compared with the design strengths predicted by using North American Specifications (AISI S100-2007) and Australian/New Zealand standards (AS/NZ: 4600-2005) for cold-formed steel structures. The current design specifications were assessed by conducting a reliability analysis. The comparison of the results shows that the corrugation angle and aspect ratio have a significant influence on the flexural capacity of beams.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

a :

Plane length of flat panel

b :

Projection length of the inclined

b f :

Breadth of the flange

b l :

Length of the lip

c :

Length of the inclined panel

d :

Depth of corrugation

d max :

Maximum depth of corrugation

E :

Young’s modulus

f oy :

Elastic buckling stress for flexural buckling about the y-axis and

f oz :

Elastic buckling stress for torsional buckling

f y :

Yield stress

f u :

Ultimate stress

h w :

Height of the web

L :

Length of the specimen

M Exp :

Experimental moment capacity

M FEA :

Moment capacity predicted by FEA

M AISI :

Moment capacity predicted by North American Specifications (AISI S100-2007) and

M AS/NZ :

Moment capacity predicted by Australian/New Zealand standards (AS/NZ: 4600-2005)

t f :

Thickness of the flange

t l :

Thickness of the line

t w :

Thickness of the corrugated web

β :

Aspect ratio

υ :

Poisson’s ratio

θ :

Corrugation angle

References

  1. J.K. Sonu, K.D. Singh, Shear behavior of stiffened single perforated lean duplex stainless steel (LDSS) rectangular hollow beams. J. Constr. Steel Res. 176, 106377 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. S. Selvaraj, M. Madhavan, Structural design of cold-formed steel face-to-face connected built-up beams using direct strength method. J. Constr. Steel Res. 160, 613–628 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. M. Anbarasu, Simulation of flexural behaviour and design of cold-formed steel closed built-up beams composed of two sigma sections for local buckling. Eng. Struct. 191, 549–562 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. K. Aggarwal, J. Papangelis, S. Wu, Finite element analysis of local shear buckling in corrugated web beams. Eng. Struct. 162, 37–50 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. M.A. Dar, N. Subramanian, A.R. Dar, M. Muheeb, M. Haseeb, T. Mugees, Structural efficiency of various strengthening schemes for cold-formed steel beams: effect of global imperfections. Steel Compos. Struct. 30(4), 393–403 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  6. M. Zhou, X.N. Shang, M.F. Hassanein, L.Y. Zhou, The diferences in the mechanical performance of prismatic and non-prismatic beams with corrugated steel webs: a comparative research. Thin-Walled Struct. 141, 40–410 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. M. Elchalakani, A.A. Elkawas, M.F. Hassanein, Lateraltorsional buckling strength and behaviour of high-strength steel corrugated web girders for bridge construction. Thin-Walled Struct. 122, 112–123 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. D. Sherman, J. Fisher, Beams with corrugated webs. In: Proceedings of the 1st International Specialty Conference on Cold-Formed Steel Structures. Missouri-Rolla, pp. 198–204 (1971)

  9. J. Lindner. Lateral-Torsional buckling of beams with trapezoidally corrugated webs. In: Proceedings of the 4th international colloquium on stability of steel structures. Budapest, Hungary, pp. 305–308 (1990).

  10. R. Luo, B. Edlund, Ultimate strength of girders with trapezoidally corrugated webs under patch loading. Thin-Walled Struct. 24, 135–156 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. M. Elgaaly et al., Shear strength of Beams with corrugated webs. J. Struct. Eng. ASCE 122(4), 390–398 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. M. Elgaaly et al., Bending strength of steel beams with corrugated webs. J. Struct. Eng. ASCE 123(6), 772–782 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. M. Elgaaly, A. Seshadi, Girders with corrugated webs under partial compressive edge loading. J. Struct. Eng. ASCE 123(6), 783–791 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Y.A. Khalid et al., Bending behavior of corrugated web beams. J. Mater. Process. Technol. 150, 242–254 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. E.Y. Sayed-Ahmed, Plate Girders with corrugated steel webs. AISC Eng. J. 42, 111–123 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  16. H.H. Abbas, R. Sause, R.G. Driver, Analysis of flange transverse bending of corrugated web I-girders under in-plane loads. J. Struct. Eng. ASCE 133(3), 347–355 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. E.Y. Sayed-Ahmed, Design aspects of steel I-girders with corrugated steel webs. Electron. J. Struct. Eng. 7, 27–40 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  18. J. Moon et al., Lateral torsion-flexure buckling of I-girder with corrugated webs under uniform bending. Thin-Walled Struct. 47, 21–30 (2009a)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. J. Moon et al., Shear Strength and design of trapezoidally corrugated webs. J. Constr. Steel Res. 65, 1198–1205 (2009b)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. J. He et al., Mechanical behavior and analysis of composite bridges with corrugated steel webs. Int. J. Steel Struct. 12(3), 321–338 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Zs. Nagy et al., Romanian application of cold-formed steel beams with screwed corrugated webs. Steel Constr. 6(2), 139–143 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. D. Dubina et al., Cold-formed steel beams with corrugated web and discrete web-to-flange fasteners. Steel Constr. 6(2), 74–81 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. D. Dubina et al., Experimental investigations of cold-formed steel beams of corrugated web and built-up section for flanges. Thin-Walled Struct. 90, 159–170 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. R.I. Ballok. Structural systems with trapezoidal beams made of cold-formed steel profiles and corrugated web. PhD Thesis, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Romania (2014).

  25. ANSYS, version 12.0. (2009) Finite Element Analysis Software. ANSYS.INC.

  26. AISI-S100 (2007) North American specification for the design of cold-formed steel structural members specifications. Washington, DC, U.S.A.

  27. AS/NZ: 4600 (2005) Australian/New Zealand Standard—Cold-formed steel structures

  28. IS 1608. (2005) (Part-I) Metallic materials—tensile testing at ambient temperature

  29. J. Yan, B. Young, Column tests of cold-formed steel channels with complex stiffeners. J. Struct. Eng. 128, 737–745 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. G. Arunkumar, S. Sukumar, A simplified method for calculating warping constant for lipped I-beam with trapezoidal corrugation in web. J. Struct. Eng. (madras) 40(6), 546–557 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  31. M. Anbarasu, A numerical investigation of local–distortional–lateral-torsional buckling interaction of cold-formed steel lipped channel beams. Asian J. Civ. Eng. (BHRC) 18(4), 643–656 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  32. B.W. Schafer, T. Pekoz, Computational modelling of cold-formed steel: characterizing geometric imperfections and residual stress. J. Constr. Steel Res. 47, 193–210 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. C.W. Kurniawa, M. Mahendran, Elastic lateral buckling of cantilevered lite steel beams under transverse loading. Int. J. Steel Struct. 11(4), 395–408 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. M. Anbarasu, Local-distortional buckling interaction on cold-formed steel lipped channel beams. Thin-Walled Struct. 98, 351–359 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

There was no funding received for this research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Srinagar, Srinagar, Jammu & Kashmir, 190006, India

    A. R. Dar

  2. Department of Civil Engineering, Government College of Engineering, Salem, Tamil Nadu, 636 011, India

    M. Anbarasu & G. Arun Kumar

Authors
  1. A. R. Dar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Anbarasu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. G. Arun Kumar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Anbarasu.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author states that there is no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dar, A.R., Anbarasu, M. & Arun Kumar, G. Cold-Formed Steel Built-Up I-Beam with the Trapezoidal Corrugated Web: Tests and Numerical Simulation. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. A 102, 943–958 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-021-00571-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-021-00571-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation