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Influenza Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Derived from Chicken Egg Yolk: Production, Characterization, and Its Cross-Reactivity

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Layer can be used as a biological source to produce specific antibodies called immunoglobulin Y (IgY) for various infectious diseases. This research aims to produce influenza-specific IgY in layers vaccinated with quadrivalent influenza vaccine and determine its cross-reaction ability with other influenza A subtypes. Three Hy-Line Brown layers at 24 weeks of age were used in this study, and influenza-specific antibodies in serum and egg yolk were evaluated from the 1 to 20 weeks after initial vaccination. The presence of influenza-specific antibodies in serum and egg yolk was identified using agar gel precipitation (AGP) test and hemagglutination inhibition (HI). Serum neutralization (SN) test was carried out to determine influenza antibodies ability to cross-neutralize other influenza virus subtypes. At 10 weeks post-first vaccination (p.f.v) was shown to have the highest mean agar gel precipitation (AGP) titer in serum (24.7), and the highest AGP titer in egg yolk was shown at 5 weeks p.f.v. The highest HI geometric mean titer (GMT) of A/H1N1 antibody reached 26.67 HIU at 9 weeks p.f.v., while A/H3N2 antibody reached 26 HIU at 6 weeks p.f.v. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) result of purified antibodies from egg yolk indicated the presence of whole IgY structure showing a protein band at ± 188 kDa. Cross-reactivity with influenza A/H5N1 and A/H9N2 was seen in AGP test results, while cross-neutralization with influenza A/H5N1 was observed in SN results. Cross-reactivity and cross-neutralization shown by our resulting antibodies indicating broad-spectrum protection against various influenza virus subtypes.

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Acknowledgements

We want to thank Ministry of Research and Innovation Agency of Republic Indonesia for supporting our research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Study Programme of Medical Microbiology, IPB Postgraduate School, IPB University, Jl Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

    Meliana Eka Saputri & Widya Putra Rachmawan

  2. Study Programme of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, IPB University, Jl Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

    Aldila Esfandiari, Cahya Jupisa & Divheyaa Pathmanathan

  3. Division of Medical Microbiology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, IPB University, Jl Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

    Retno Damajanti Soejoedono & Okti Nadia Poetri

  4. Division of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Science, IPB University, Jl Agatis, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

    Ekowati Handharyani

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  1. Meliana Eka Saputri
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  2. Aldila Esfandiari
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Correspondence to Okti Nadia Poetri.

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Significance statements: Our result study is significant to show that layers are able to produce equivalent antibody titer for each vaccine virus strain, which indicate that one layer is able to produce several specific antibodies.

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Saputri, M.E., Esfandiari, A., Rachmawan, W.P. et al. Influenza Immunoglobulin (Ig) Y Derived from Chicken Egg Yolk: Production, Characterization, and Its Cross-Reactivity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. 94, 23–30 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-023-01510-2

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