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Fertilization and Crop Residue Addition Impacts on Yield Sustainability Under a Rainfed Maize–Wheat System in the Himalayas

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A 9-year old experiment was conducted at Almora, India to study the effects of mineral sources of nutrients in different combinations with or without crop residue or farmyard manure (FYM) addition on crop productivity under a rainfed maize–wheat system. Plots under 100 % nitrogen–phosphorus–potassium (NPK) + FYM had maximum mean maize (5.00 Mg ha−1) and wheat (2.61 Mg ha−1) yields that were generally significantly higher than yields observed under other treatments. Total soil organic carbon (C) increased in all treatments except with mineral fertilization and control plots. While NPK treated plots had significantly higher benefit:cost ratio than NPK + FYM plots, organic C content in the NPK treated plots decreased over the initial soil and FYM treated plots had better soil physical and chemical properties than NPK only. Thus, the study showed that although the combined 100 % NPK and FYM application had higher productivity of the maize–wheat system, the same is as remunerative as 50 % NPK + FYM, if the cost of FYM was considered. However, depending upon the resource availability, farmers can also apply Kudzu, maize stalk and wheat straw annually along with adjusted dose of NPK to a crop and full dose of NPK to the other crop as the alternate options.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Mr. L.D. Malkani, Mr. Sanjay Kumar and Mr. Naran Ram for their technical assistances to carry out this work.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Author notes

  1. Ranjan Bhattacharyya

    Present address: CESCRA, NRL Building, IARI, Pusa, New Delhi, 110 012, India

  2. K. A. Gopinath

    Present address: Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, India

Authors and Affiliations

  1. VPKAS, Almora, Uttarakhand, India

    Ranjan Bhattacharyya, A. K. Pandey, K. A. Gopinath, B. L. Mina, J. K. Bisht & J. C. Bhatt

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  1. Ranjan Bhattacharyya
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  2. A. K. Pandey
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  3. K. A. Gopinath
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  4. B. L. Mina
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  5. J. K. Bisht
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  6. J. C. Bhatt
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Correspondence to Ranjan Bhattacharyya.

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Bhattacharyya, R., Pandey, A.K., Gopinath, K.A. et al. Fertilization and Crop Residue Addition Impacts on Yield Sustainability Under a Rainfed Maize–Wheat System in the Himalayas. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. 86, 21–32 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-014-0394-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-014-0394-8

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