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The Influence of Temperature on Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth in Eight Date Palm Cultivars

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Abstract

Failure of pollination in date palms usually happens when temperature drops during the flowering season, causing a reduction in the fruit set and yield. Screening low temperature-tolerant date palm cultivars are needed in order to stabilize yield in such conditions. The present study was conducted to ascertain the impacts of varying temperatures, from 10 to 35 °C at 5 °C intervals, on the pollen germination and tube growth of eight date palm cultivars known as; Bouhlesse 1 (B1), Deglet-Baida 1 (DB1), Deglet-Nour 1 (DN1), Ghars 1 (GH1), Ghars 2 (GH2), Halwaya 1 (HL1), Moch-Deglet 1 (MD1) and Moch-Deglet2 (MD2). The studied cultivars belong to three flowering periods; precocious, medium and late period. Pollen germination and pollen tube growth were influenced by temperature across all cultivars. Nevertheless, the flowering periods did not have any significant impact on pollen germination and pollen tube length. In all cultivars, the optimal temperatures for pollen germination, above 90%, were found between 15 and 30 °C. The optimum temperature, according to the pollen tube growth, was recorded at 20 °C for DN1, H1, MD1 and MD2 and at 25 °C for B1, DB1, G1 and G2, respectively. The lowest rates of pollen germination and pollen tube growth were recorded at 10 °C, with the exception of MD2, G1, and H1, where the pollen germination rate approached 80%. Therefore, these cultivars could be used for pollination of date palm female during cold flowering seasons.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the staff from the date palm tissue culture laboratory in the Centre for Scientific and Technical Research on Arid Regions for facilities during the experiment. We also acknowledge Mme Samira ADJADJ for her language revision.

Funding

This project was supported Algeria Directorate-General for Scientific Research and Technological Development (DGRSDT).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Scientific and Technical Research on Arid Regions, BP 1682 RP, 07000, Biskra, Algeria

    Mohammed Mesnoua, Messaoud Roumani, Mohammed Faci, Abdelhamid Foughalia, Farida Bettiche, Billal Nia, Mohammed Tahirine & Abdelmoneim Tarek Ouamane

  2. Laboratory of Ecosystems Diversity and Agricultural Production Systems Dynamics in Arid Zones, Mohamed Khider University, BP 145 RP, 07000, Biskra, Algeria

    Farid Mezerdi & Khouloud Guerbaze

  3. National Institute of Agronomic Research of Algeria, Hassen Badi 16200 El Harrach, PO Box 200, Alger, Algeria

    Khaled Belouz

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  1. Mohammed Mesnoua
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Contributions

MM conceived and designed the experiments, wrote the manuscript, MR and MT collection and prepare samples, FM, KB, KG, FB, NB and MR: made measurements, AF, MF and ATO revise the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mohammed Mesnoua.

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Mesnoua, M., Mezerdi, F., Belouz, K. et al. The Influence of Temperature on Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth in Eight Date Palm Cultivars. Agric Res (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-024-00726-6

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