Abstract
Pursuing sustainable development in the face of climate change and environmental degradation has led to a significant shift toward renewable energy sources. A dependable, affordable, and stable renewable energy source must meet almost any future energy need. This review explores the environmental impacts of various forms of renewable energy, emphasizing their role in promoting sustainable development. This analysis covers wind, solar, hydropower, and biomass energy, assessing their benefits and challenges in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, mitigating environmental harm, and fostering long-term sustainability. Based on the current scenario, this review discusses the various possible aspects of the most prevalent renewable energy sources, their benefits, drawbacks, and future roadmap. Several innovative technologies inspired by these energy sources, such as solar power windows, energy-efficient buildings, smart grids, and their latest contributions to reducing environmental hazards, are also highlighted. Such innovations could revolutionize the energy sector and drive sustainable development globally. Several obstacles stand in the way of advancement, including the incapacity of governments and corporate entities to finance renewable energy sources. Viewing this aspect, this review thoroughly analyzes renewable energy production and its advantages and disadvantages, the status of the global output, economic impact, emerging technologies, and future prospects. We examine the factors contributing to the rise of sustainable energy, assess the challenges, and explore the potential for a more sustainable energy future. This structured review article comprehensively examines the novelty within the sustainable energy sector, offering valuable insights into the latest advancements and their implications for a more sustainable energy future.
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Abbreviations
- COP:
-
Conference of Parties
- RREDA:
-
Russia Renewable Energy Development Association
- EEG Act:
-
In German: Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz Actor In English: The Renewable Energy Sources Act
- PV:
-
Photovoltaic
- CSP:
-
Concentrating Solar Power
- CVT:
-
Capacitor Voltage Transformer
- GHG:
-
Greenhouse gas
- NREL:
-
National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- RSPB:
-
Royal Society for the Protection of Birds
- EU:
-
European Union
- SRC:
-
Short Rotation Coppice
- SREC:
-
Solar Energy Renewable Credits
- UNFCCC:
-
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
- CERC:
-
Central Electricity Regulatory Commission
- REN21:
-
Renewable Energy Policy Network for 21st Century
- NEB:
-
National Energy Bureau
- HPP:
-
Hydro Power Plants
- IVA:
-
Industry Value Added
- GNE:
-
Gross National Expenditure
- TO:
-
Trade Openness
- GDP:
-
Gross Domestic Product
- IEA:
-
International Energy Agency
- UN:
-
United Nations
- TWh:
-
Terawatt hour
- MWh:
-
Megawatt hour
- eq/year:
-
Equivalent per year
- Hz:
-
Hertz
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Gayen, D., Chatterjee, R. & Roy, S. A review on environmental impacts of renewable energy for sustainable development. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 21, 5285–5310 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05380-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05380-z