Abstract
Wastewater containing chlorophenol (CP) can potentially pose a considerable hazard to human beings and the environment, which demands an imperative and effective treatment process before releasing to the environment. The current study focused on the optimization of the heterogeneous Fenton process using Fe2O3/SiO2 as a catalyst for the removal of CP from wastewater by full factorial experimental design. The catalyst was prepared by the solid-state dispersion (SSD) method and characterized by XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques. The mechanism of the heterogeneous Fenton process by α-Fe2O3/SiO2 catalyst as a source of ferrous ions was described. The effect of three major parameters including time, the mass ratio of H2O2 to chlorophenol, and catalyst dosage besides their interactions was studied. The optimum conditions for each critical factor were as follows: time = 30 min, a mass ratio of H2O2 to CP = 4.96, catalyst dosage = 4.5 g/l. The maximum efficiency in the experimental and predicted CP removal was 98.9 and 97.71%, respectively. The kinetic study exhibited that the degradation of CP followed a pseudo-second-order reaction kinetic model with rate constants in a range of 0.00421 to 0.00507 (L mg−1 min−1). The standard Gibbs free energies (ΔG˚), standard reaction enthalpies (ΔH˚), activation energies (Ea), standard entropies (ΔS˚) were found in a range of − 4.343 to − 5.396 kJ mol−1, 5.95 kJ mol−1, 5.05 kJ mol−1, and 35.13 J mol−1 k−1, respectively. Thus, it can be concluding that heterogeneous Fenton is an effective and reliable technology in the treatment of CP in an aqueous environment.
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Shokri, A., Sanavi Fard, M. Using α-Fe2O3/SiO2 as a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for the removal of chlorophenol in aqueous environment: Thermodynamic and kinetic studies. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 20, 383–396 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04498-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04498-w