Abstract
The design and development of visible light photocatalysts for wastewater remediation applications have received considerable attention due to their ability to operate under low energy, renewable and clean. The application of ZnO nanostructures as a photocatalyst in various photodegradation applications has shown to be of continued interest. However, ZnO possessed several setbacks, including their large bandgap, which require high energy for the excitation of the electrons. To overcome these limitations, doping ZnO photocatalysts has been confirmed to enhance their photocatalytic performance by narrowing their large bandgap, thus opening up numerous possibilities. Doped ZnO nanostructures have found extensive use in pollution control applications as visible light photocatalysts. The doping with metal or non-metal elements, metal oxides, and inclusion with other semiconductors to form a hybrid heterojunction photocatalyst are among the strategies employed. This mini review summarizes recent progress in the strategies employed in the preparation of doped ZnO photocatalysts for the degradation of various organic pollutants, including synthetic dye molecules and emerging contaminants. Their application in antibacterial performance is also briefly explained. Additionally, the degradation mechanism of selected pollutants is also discussed. Finally, the advantages of using doped ZnO photocatalyst for pollution remediation are discussed. Considering the issue of water security, this review is timely to address the impending problem that the world is facing. Hopefully, this article can assist readers in gaining a better understanding of doped ZnO photocatalysts.
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Abbreviations
- AOP:
-
Advanced oxidation process
- APS:
-
Ammonium persulfate
- BG:
-
Brilliant green
- CIP:
-
Ciprofloxacin
- CNT:
-
Carbon nanotubes
- CR:
-
Congo red
- DB38:
-
Direct black 38
- EBT:
-
Eriochrome Black T
- GO:
-
Graphene oxide
- GRL:
-
Maxilon blue
- MB:
-
Methylene blue
- MG:
-
Malachite green
- MO:
-
Methyl orange
- OFL:
-
Ofloxacin
- OG:
-
Orange G
- OTC:
-
Oxytetracycline
- PTh:
-
Polythiophene
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- RR:
-
Reactive red
- rGO:
-
Reduced graphene oxide
- RhB:
-
Rhodamine B
- SPR:
-
Surface plasmon resonance
- TC:
-
Tetracycline
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We would like to acknowledge the assistance of Assoc Prof Dr Supakorn Boonyuen for the advice rendered during the revision stage. The first author would like to thank the Graduate School of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology for the post-doctoral fellowship awarded to him.
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ALTZ, CACA and ELTC carried out the literature search and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. YA critically revised the work.
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Zheng, A.L.T., Abdullah, C.A.C., Chung, E.L.T. et al. Recent progress in visible light-doped ZnO photocatalyst for pollution control. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 20, 5753–5772 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04354-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-022-04354-x