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Silica gel/gold nanoparticles/(NS)2 ligand nanoporous platform-modified ionic liquid carbon paste electrode for potentiometric ultratrace assessment of Ag(I)

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Abstract

A novel ionic liquid carbon paste electrode has been developed using sol–gel/Au nanoparticle (SGAN) involving (NS)2 compound of N,N′-di-(cyclopentadienecarbaldehyde)-1, 2-di (o-aminophenylthio) ethane (CCAE) as an appropriate neutral ion-carrier for ultrahigh-sensitive potentiometric determination of Ag(I). Colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) also well dispersed self-assembly into the 3-(mercaptopropyl)-trimethoxysilane (MPTS)-derived sol–gel network through Au–S covalent bond engendering continuous and super-conductive nanoporous three-dimensional array. The room-temperature ionic liquid, 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIM.PF6), was applied as a super-conductive pasting agent (binder). The SGAN/CCAE/IL-CPE exhibited a significantly enhanced sensitivity and preferential selectivity toward Ag(I) over a wide concentration range of 2.4 × 10−9 to 2.2 × 10−2 mol L−1 (R 2 = 0.9996) with a lower limit of detection of 7.9 × 10−10 M and a Nernstian slope of 58.5 (±0.3) mV decade−1. The electrode has a short response time of ∼5 s and long-time durability of about 2 months without any considerable divergence in potentials. Moreover, the potentiometric examinations could be carried out within the wide pH range of 3.5–9.5. Eventually, the practical utility of the proposed Ag(I)-sensor was evaluated by volumetric titration of AgNO3 solution by sodium chloride and recovery of silver content in some real samples using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy as a confident reference.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank cordially to the General Chemistry Lab (I) and Research Laboratory of Organic Chemistry staff and especially Faculty of Chemistry Dean for their sincere cooperation to conclude the project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Shahid Mofatteh Ave., No. 49, Tehran, Iran

    S. Ramezani & M. H. Mashhadizadeh

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran

    M. Ghobadi

  3. Materials Physics Center (CFM), University of Basque Country (EHU–UPV), 20018, San Sebastián, Spain

    S. Jalilian

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  1. S. Ramezani
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  2. M. H. Mashhadizadeh
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  3. M. Ghobadi
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Correspondence to S. Ramezani.

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Ramezani, S., Mashhadizadeh, M.H., Ghobadi, M. et al. Silica gel/gold nanoparticles/(NS)2 ligand nanoporous platform-modified ionic liquid carbon paste electrode for potentiometric ultratrace assessment of Ag(I). Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 13, 2175–2188 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-016-1028-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-016-1028-x

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