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Validity and reliability of the Body Awareness Questionnaire in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain

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Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the validity and reliability of the Body Awareness Questionnaire (BAQ) in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain. A total of 180 participants (96 women, 84 men), aged 21–64 years, with non-specific chronic low back pain were enrolled from June to December 2019. Sociodemographic features were collected. The pain intensity using the Visual Analog Scale, the disability status due to low back pain with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), the body awareness level using the BAQ, and self-esteem using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were assessed. Test–retest reliability was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients in patients 7 days apart. The mean age of the study subjects was 42.14 ± 13.27 years. The scale was found to be reliable in patients experiencing non-specific chronic low back pain. The Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient was 0.767. The internal consistency ranged from 0.718 to 1.00 in the items. Intraclass correlation coefficients of items ranged from 0.560 to 1.000. Intraclass correlation coefficient of BAQ total score was found to be 0.786 (p = 0.000) in test–retest results. The scores of RSES were compared in order to assess the concurrent validity of BAQ. The concurrent validity analyses showed that the BAQ and RSES were significantly correlated (r = 0.188; p = 0.012). The BAQ is a valid and reliable scale for determining body awareness status in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain.

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Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey

    Ayse Unal & Filiz Altug

  2. Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

    Arzu Erden

  3. Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Avrasya University, Trabzon, Turkey

    Ugur Cavlak

  4. Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, Denizli, Turkey

    Hande Senol

Authors
  1. Ayse Unal
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  2. Filiz Altug
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  3. Arzu Erden
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  4. Ugur Cavlak
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  5. Hande Senol
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Correspondence to Ayse Unal.

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All the authors declare that they have no conflict of interest, and they have nothing to disclose.

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This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Approval was granted by Pamukkale University Medical Ethics Committee of Non-Interventional Clinical Researches (No. 16/60116787-020/81520).

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Written informed consent was obtained from all subjects.

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Unal, A., Altug, F., Erden, A. et al. Validity and reliability of the Body Awareness Questionnaire in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain. Acta Neurol Belg 121, 701–705 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-020-01399-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13760-020-01399-y

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