Abstract
Changes in riparian vegetation can alter the input and quality of leaf litter in aquatic ecosystems, but the effects of these changes on litter fragmentation by invertebrate shredder communities in tropical streams remain poorly studied. The caddisfly genus Phylloicus Müller, 1880 (Trichoptera: Calamoceratidae) is highly abundant in Neotropical streams, representing a great part of shredder biomass, which uses the allochthonous litter as a food resource and for case-building. We investigated leaf consumption by Phylloicus sp. under different leaf conditioning (leached and unleached) and plant species (Eucalyptus grandis, Erythrina falcata, and Inga uruguensis). The effects of leaf conditioning and plant species were measured using microcosm treatments, with one free Phylloicus sp. larva per 2-l microcosm, and a decomposition control to correct for microbial decomposition. Our study suggests that phosphorus and caloric values of leaf litter are more important than leaf hardness and nitrogen in driving leaf consumption by Phylloicus sp. On the one hand, higher consumption was observed in treatment with unleached leaves than in leached leaf treatment due to higher nutrient concentration and caloric values on unleached leaves. On the other hand, Phylloicus sp. larvae preferred leached leaves for case building over unleached leaves, as leached leaves are less prone to the activity of the decomposing community, thus lowering the need for constant case renewal. Finally, high litter consumption is not necessarily converted into biomass by Phylloicus sp. larvae. In this sense, Phylloicus sp. larvae showed selectivity for resources with high caloric content for consumption and low caloric content for case-building.
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and the LabEntEco at Universidade Regional da Região de Chapecó (Unochapecó) for the material support. RSR is grateful to the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for project number 403945/2021-6. We thank the Foundation to Support Research and Innovation of the State of Santa Catarina (FAPESC; TO 2021TR001802) for the financial support.
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EC, JPB, and RR conceived the study, collected field data, and performed the chemical analyses. RR and CAL-R managed and analyzed the data. EC wrote the manuscript with feedback from RR, JPB, JDM, and CAL-R.
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Cararo, E.R., Bernardi, J.P., Lima-Rezende, C.A. et al. Chemistry Matters: High Leaf Litter Consumption Does Not Represent a Direct Increase in Shredders’ Biomass. Neotrop Entomol 52, 452–462 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-023-01043-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-023-01043-3