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Eight Decades of Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) in Brazil: What We Know and What We Need to Know

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Abstract

The corn leafhopper Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) is one of the most important maize (Zea mays L.) pests in Latin America because of its ability to efficiently transmit pathogens [maize bushy stunt phytoplasma (MBSP) and corn stunt spiroplasma—Spiroplasma kunkelli Whitcomb et al. (CSS)] associated with corn stunt disease complex and maize rayado fino virus (MRFV). This leafhopper species, considered a secondary pest until a few years ago, was first reported in Brazil in 1938. Since 2015, corn stunt diseases have been the main phytosanitary threat to corn production in Brazil, and D. maidis has assumed the status of a key pest of the crop. In this study, we gathered pertinent information about the corn leafhopper, from the time it was first recorded in Brazil. Aspects such as origin, association with maize, bioecology, geographical distribution in the Americas, and its congeners are addressed. We present a history of studies performed with this species in the country, its importance as a pest, host plants, and survival strategies during the maize off-season. Based on the available scientific knowledge, the main management strategies for insect vectors and diseases are discussed. Finally, the main knowledge gaps for this insect vector and the prospects for future studies and actions to mitigate the damage caused by insect vectors in maize crops in Brazil are presented and discussed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Elizabeth de Oliveira Sabato, who has produced brilliant work on corn stunt diseases in Brazil throughout her career, for her friendship and for sharing her extensive and valuable knowledge on this topic. We thank the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) (01.07.06.002.02.00, 02.10.06.020.00.00, and 02.06.06.007.00.00) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for funding several studies related to the corn leafhopper and corn stunt diseases in Brazil. MRF is a CNPq fellowship recipient (313952/2018-3).

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  1. Embrapa Cerrados, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil

    Charles Martins de Oliveira

  2. Dept of Zoology, Univ of Brasília, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil

    Marina Regina Frizzas

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  1. Charles Martins de Oliveira
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  2. Marina Regina Frizzas
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C. M. O. and M. R. F. conceived the study. C. M. O. collected the data and performed the analyses. C. M. O. drafted the manuscript. All authors contributed critically to the drafts and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Charles Martins de Oliveira.

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Oliveira, C.M., Frizzas, M.R. Eight Decades of Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott) (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae) in Brazil: What We Know and What We Need to Know. Neotrop Entomol 51, 1–17 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13744-021-00932-9

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