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Air-assisted dual-cloud point extraction coupled with flame atomic absorption spectroscopy for the separation and quantification of zinc in pregnant women’s serum

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Abstract

In this study, air-assisted dual-cloud point extraction (AA-d-CPE) approach at room temperature was proposed combined with flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). Zinc was chelated with 3,5,7-trihydroxy-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-6,8-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl) chromen-4-one (6, 8-Diprenylkaempferol) in 0.5 mol L−1 NaNO3 medium in the presence of Triton X-114 as a surfactant. To generate a rapid cloud layer, air bubbles were repeatedly introduced using a household fish-tank motor. Air-assisted improves the dispersion process and reduces the time. The zinc must be also recovered in an acidic aqueous layer. So, HNO3 acid was added to the Zn-complex in the micellar layer. The metal-containing aqueous layer was extracted and submitted to FAAS using standard nebulization. The limits of quantification and limit of detection for the calibration curve created under ideal circumstances were 0.31 and 0.09 µg L−1, respectively, for zinc linear levels ranging from 0.2 to 1000 µg L−1. The preconcentration and enhancement factors were 100 and 200. The zinc traces in the serum of pregnant women's samples were effectively determined using the proposed AA-d-CPE-FAAS methodology with reasonably priced results. The greenness of this approach was evaluated by the AGREEprep tool.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medicine, Jabir Ibn Hayyan Medical University, Najaf, Iraq

    Ghusoon Jawad Shabaa

  2. Department of Chemistry, The Al-Dhilal School in Najaf, Ministry of Education, Najaf, Iraq

    Farah Abdulraouf Semysim

  3. Department of Dairy Science and Technology, College of Food Sciences, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Hilla, Iraq

    Rana Kadhim Ridha

  4. College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq

    Ebaa Adnan Azooz

  5. Pathological Analysis Techniques, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Kufa, An-Najaf, Iraq

    Emad Abbas Jaffar Al-Mulla

Authors
  1. Ghusoon Jawad Shabaa
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  2. Farah Abdulraouf Semysim
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  3. Rana Kadhim Ridha
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  4. Ebaa Adnan Azooz
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  5. Emad Abbas Jaffar Al-Mulla
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Contributions

GJS helped with data curation, study findings, and methodology. FAS assisted in the creation of data and methodology—first edition. RKR helped with data compilation, investigation, reviewing, and editing. EAA helped with conceptualization, collecting data, research, methodology, writing—review–editing, and supervision. EAJA contributed with idea generation, data curation, inquiry, methodology, and supervision.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ebaa Adnan Azooz or Emad Abbas Jaffar Al-Mulla.

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Shabaa, G.J., Semysim, F.A., Ridha, R.K. et al. Air-assisted dual-cloud point extraction coupled with flame atomic absorption spectroscopy for the separation and quantification of zinc in pregnant women’s serum. J IRAN CHEM SOC 20, 2277–2284 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-023-02834-6

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