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Simultaneous removal of disperse and reactive dyes by bottom ash derived from incinerated hospital waste

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Abstract

The use of low-cost adsorbent such as bottom ash has been investigated as a replacement for the current expensive materials for removal dyes from aqueous solution. The adsorbent was obtained from incinerated hospital waste (Mascara, Algeria). The prepared adsorbent was characterized by X-fluorescence, XRD, scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area (BET method) and pH(PZC). The results indicated that the material consisted of silica, carbonates and sodium chloride. The surface area and PZC were 1.29 m2/g and 8.9, respectively. The solid was applied for the removal of synthetic dyes namely Disperse Yellow 3 and Reactive Brillant Blue at various contact time, pH values and solution temperatures. The optimum pH and equilibrium time were 8.3 and 60 min, respectively. The dyes were adsorbed in single and binary solution. The adsorption isotherms show that the reactive dye was better adsorbed (269.36 mg/g) than the dispersive dye (120.64 mg/g). The adsorbed amounts of the dyes onto bottom ash were not affected by the type of system. The adsorption data were fitted with the linear forms of the Langmuir, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich models. Overall, the Langmuir isotherm showed a better fitting for all adsorptions under investigation in terms of correlation coefficient. Among the kinetic models tested, the adsorption reaction follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic controlled by intra-particle diffusion. In the both systems, the free energy and enthalpy changes obtained revealed that the process was spontaneous and endothermic. The positive entropy change confirms the enhancement of disorder near interface liquid/solid.

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Acknowledgements

This research project is funded by the Directorate General for Scientific Research and Technological Development (DGRSDT, Algeria), which is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank Mahmut Ozacar Prof. Dr. at Faculty of Science and Arts, University of Sakarya, Turkey, for his assistance with the analysis and characterization techniques.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Mustapha Stambouli University, Po Box 305, Mamounia Road, 29000, Mascara, Algeria

    Fatima Z. Bennekrouf & Fatima Ouadjenia

  2. Laboratory of Materials, Applications and Environment, Mustapha Stambouli University, Mascara, Algeria

    Fatima Z. Bennekrouf, Fatima Ouadjenia & Reda Marouf

  3. Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Ibn Badis University, 27000, Mostaganem, Algeria

    Reda Marouf

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  1. Fatima Z. Bennekrouf
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Correspondence to Fatima Ouadjenia.

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Bennekrouf, F.Z., Ouadjenia, F. & Marouf, R. Simultaneous removal of disperse and reactive dyes by bottom ash derived from incinerated hospital waste. J IRAN CHEM SOC 20, 1523–1534 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-023-02774-1

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