Abstract
The novel cross-linked polyethyleneimine/SABO®STAB was synthesized and used as an efficient sorbent for dispersive micro-solid phase extraction of pesticides before gas chromatography–micro-electron capture detection. The sorbent was fully characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, and Barrett–Joyner–Halenda techniques which confirmed thermally stable cross-linked polymer composite with large surface area and mesoporous morphology. The significant parameters, including type and volume of desorption solvent, extraction time, sorbent dosage, and pH of the sample solution, were optimized. The analytical characteristics of the method were validated using a matrix-matched calibration method. The linear dynamic range was 0.85–250 µg L−1 with good determination coefficients (R2 > 0.996). The limits of detection were 0.25–0.44 µg L−1. Finally, the method was applied for the determination of chlorpyrifos and hexaconazole in celery and apple juices, and the relative recoveries were in the range of 75–116% with the RSDs of 2.7–3.6%.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
J. Fenik, M. Tankiewicz, M. Biziuk, TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 30, 814–826 (2011)
G. Satpathy, Y.K. Tyagi, R.K. Gupta, Food Chem. 127, 1300–1308 (2011)
M.L. Xu, J.B. Liu, J. Lu, Appl. Spectrosc. Rev. 49, 97–120 (2014)
https://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/pesticides/eu-pesticides-database/public/?event=pesticide. residue.selection &language=EN (last time accessed: October 12, 2019).
N. Kumar, N. Narayanan, S. Gupta, React. Funct. Polym. 135, 103–112 (2019)
J. Xiong, X. Tang, G. Zhou, Z. Guan, L. Wu, Anal. Methods 5, 536–540 (2013)
M. Anastassiades, S.J. Lehotay, D. Štajnbaher, F.J. Schenck, J. AOAC Int. 86, 412–431 (2003)
T. Khezeli, A. Daneshfar, TrAC. Trends Anal. Chem. 89, 99–118 (2017)
M. Fu, H. Xing, X. Chen, F. Chen, C.M.L. Wu, R. Zhao, C. Cheng, J. Chromatogr. A 1369, 181–185 (2014)
Y. Fang, W. Tian, F. Pei, P. Li, X. Shao, Y. Fan, Q. Hu, Food Chem. 229, 347–353 (2017)
J.L. de Oliveira Arias, C. Rombaldi, S.S. Caldas, E.G. Primel, J. Chromatogr. A 1360, 66–75 (2014)
S. Mahpishanian, H. Sereshti, Talanta 130, 71–77 (2014)
N. Razavi, A. Sarafraz-Yazdi, J. Sep. Sci. 40, 1739–1746 (2017)
P. Arnnok, N. Patdhanagul, R. Burakham, Talanta 164, 651–661 (2017)
N. Fontanals, R.M. Marcé, F. Borrull, Porous polymer sorbents, in: Solid-Phase Extraction, (Elsevier, 2020), pp. 55–82.
N. Li, J. Chen, Y.P. Shi, Talanta 191, 526–534 (2019)
E.M. Eminoğlu, F. Beypınar, M.V. Kahraman, A. Durmuş, Polym. Adv. Technol. 26, 1053–1058 (2015)
X. Chen, L. Liu, Z. Luo, J. Shen, Q. Ni, J. Yao, React. Funct. Polym. 125, 77–83 (2018)
M. Shabanian, M. Hajibeygi, K. Hedayati, M. Khaleghi, H.A. Khonakdar, Mater. Des. 110, 811–820 (2016)
S. Wen, F. Zheng, M. Shen, X. Shi, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 128, 3807–3813 (2013)
Q. Li, Z. Xu, C. Yi, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 107, 797–802 (2008)
A. Zeid, A.L. Othman, Materials 5, 2874–2902 (2012)
B. Arabsorkhi, H. Sereshti, Microchem. J. 140, 241–247 (2018)
B. Arabsorkhi, H. Sereshti, A. Abbasi, J. Sep. Sci. 42, 1500–1508 (2019)
H. Sereshti, F. Khodayari, N. Nouri, J. Sci. Food Agric. 3, 1048–1055 (2020)
J.Q. Ma, L. Liu, X. Wang, L.Z. Chen, J.M. Lin, R.S. Zhao, J. Hazard. Mater. 371, 433–439 (2019)
S. Mahpishanian, H. Sereshti, M. Baghdadi, J. Chromatogr. A 1406, 48–58 (2015)
N. Rahbar, E. Behrouz, Z. Ramezani, Food Anal. Methods 10, 2229–2240 (2017)
M.A. Farajzadeh, D. Djozan, N. Nouri, M. Bamorowat, M.S. Shalamzari, J. Sep. Sci. 33, 1816–1828 (2010)
IEW Group, Validation of analytical procedures: text and methodology Q2(R1) International conference on harmonization of technical requirements for registration of pharmaceuticals for human use: 1994; 1–17.
M.A. Farajzadeh, A. Mohebbi, J. Chromatogr. A 1532, 10–19 (2018)
Q. Tang, X. Wang, F. Yu, X. Qiao, Z. Xu, J. Sep. Sci. 37, 820–827 (2014)
M. Kadivar, A. Aliakbar, Food Chem. 299, 125–127 (2019)
M.M. Sanagi, S. Salleh, W.A.W. Ibrahim, A.A. Naim, J. Food Compos. Anal. 32, 155–161 (2013)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Asadi, M., Sereshti, H., Shabanian, M. et al. Evolution of cross-linked polyethyleneimine/SABO®STAB as an efficient sorbent for extraction of pesticides in fruit and vegetable juices. J IRAN CHEM SOC 17, 3355–3365 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-020-01994-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13738-020-01994-z