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Agro-byproduct-based hydrophobic polyurethane films/coatings: synthesis, characterization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic analysis

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Abstract

Bio-based polyurethanes (PU) prepared through green routes using technical cashew nut shell liquid (TechCNSL) for anti-corrosive application could protect infrastructures and addresses environmental concerns. The synthesis was carried out in situ by an acid-catalyzed condensation reaction of TechCNSL and formaldehyde (F) at 120 °C. The final structure was obtained through addition polymerization of TechCNSL-F with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) at room temperature (OH:NCO ratios: 1:0.8, 1:1 and 1:1.2) to form TechCNSL-F-PU. The characteristic properties of the coatings were influenced as a function of free –OH and –NCO groups that is influenced by the composition of TechCNSL used. The high coating resistance (Rc) and change in solution resistance (Rs) values along with lower coating capacitance (Cc) values supporting sufficient protection ability and compactness to the metallic substrate was determined by non-destructive electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) studies. Structural and progress of the reaction was evaluated by ATR/FTIR, whereas XRD revealed the amorphous nature of the hydrophobic films/coatings with a contact angle of 100° for TechCNSL-F-PU1:1. The variation in thermal stability with TDI concentration and glass transition (Tg) temperature was based on the degree of cross-linking density of the systems. The degree of cross-linking was calculated through estimation of gel content, which varied from 96 to 98% based on the concentration of TDI with thermal stability by max 265 °C. TechCNSL-F-PU1:1 shows excellent films/coatings adhesion, anticorrosion performance, chemical and mechanical resistance in the various chemical environment (water, 3.5% of HCl, NaCl and NaOH) and showed the best performance. These thermally stable and mechanically robust PU films/coatings can be projected for the corrosion protective applications.

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Acknowledgements

Shaily would like to acknowledge University Grants Commission, New Delhi, India, for a non-Net Fellowship. Dr. F. Zafar is grateful to the Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi, India for a project under the Women Scientists Scheme (WOS) for Research in Basic/Applied Sciences (Ref. No. SR/WOS-A/CS-97/2016). The authors also acknowledge the Head of Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, for providing facilities to carry out the research work smoothly. Thanks to CIF, Jamia Millia Islamia for ATR and XRD.

Funding

Ministry of Human Resource Development, SR/WOS-A/CS-97/2016, Fahmina Zafar.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Inorganic Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, 110025, India

    Shaily, Fahmina Zafar & Nahid Nishat

  2. Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals, Department of Food and Human Nutritional Sciences, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada

    Anujit Ghosal

  3. Division of Chemistry, School of Basic and Applied Science, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Anjali Gupta & Pankaj Kumar

  4. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Manawwer Alam

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Correspondence to Anjali Gupta, Fahmina Zafar or Nahid Nishat.

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Shaily, Ghosal, A., Gupta, A. et al. Agro-byproduct-based hydrophobic polyurethane films/coatings: synthesis, characterization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic analysis. Iran Polym J 31, 1595–1608 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-022-01104-1

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