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Diagnostic Approach and Management of Cardiac Sarcoidosis

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder affecting multiple organ systems, with heterogenous clinical sequelae. Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is an underrecognized manifestation with significant clinical implications. Advances in cardiac imaging and new therapeutic options are rapidly changing the clinical approach to CS.

Recent Findings

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), 18Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET), and hybrid CMR/FDG-PET imaging have emerged as powerful diagnostic and prognostic tools for CS and provide a means to monitor disease activity. Therapeutic options are similarly changing, with steroid-sparing agents and biologic therapy showing clinical promise, though ongoing clinical trials will potentially provide necessary evidence to definitively guide treatment.

Summary

In this review, we critically evaluate a variety of diagnostic and therapeutic options for CS. Additionally, we propose algorithms for the diagnostic evaluation and treatment of CS, which incorporate current guidelines as well as recent advances in CS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA

    Adam Shaver, Arielle Schwartz, Kunal Bhatt & Lucian T. Marts

  2. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Suite 205, Atlanta, 30322, USA

    Adam Shaver & Lucian T. Marts

  3. Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA

    Arielle Schwartz & Kunal Bhatt

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  1. Adam Shaver
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Shaver, A., Schwartz, A., Bhatt, K. et al. Diagnostic Approach and Management of Cardiac Sarcoidosis. Curr Pulmonol Rep 12, 70–79 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13665-023-00309-w

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