Nephrotoxicity of ridomil and chlorpyriphos: A preliminary investigation of pesticides interaction

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of Ridomil and Chlorpyriphos, singly and in combination, on serum kidney function parameters and kidney histology in male albino rat. In a completely randomized design, experimental subjects were constituted into treatment groups: A (control); CH1 (25 mg of Chlorpyriphos/kg bw); CH2 (50 mg of Chlorpyriphos/kg bw); R1 (25 mg of Ridomil/kg bw); R2 (50 mg of Ridomil/kg bw); COM1 (12.5 mg of Chlorpyriphos/kg bw+12.5 mg of Ridomil /kg bw); and COM2 (25 mg of Chlorpyriphos/kg bw+25 mg of Ridomil/kg bw); which orally received the stated pesticide treatments, thrice a week, at forty eight hour intervals for eight weeks. Serum urea and creatinine were reduced in the Chlorpyriphos only treatment groups. Treatment with Ridomil only, led to elevated urea and creatinine, especially in R2. Combination of both pesticides led to much higher elevation in serum urea and creatinine, especially in COM2, as well as in potassium, sodium and chloride levels. Kidney micrographs were suggestive of pathology in all pesticide treated groups except R1. We conclude that Ridomil and Chlorpyriphos individually pose notable nephrotoxicity threat, which could be heightened in a case of their combined exposure.