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Inflammatory response and timeline of chronic complications in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus

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Abstract

Background and aim

The chronic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) are accompanied by inflammatory manifestations. Our study aimed to assess the association between inflammatory status, reflected by C-reactive protein (CRP) values and the evolution of type 1 and 2 DM patients, evaluated by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, the length of disease duration, the average time until the onset of microvascular complications and their risk of occurrence.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective observational study, involving 192 patients, randomly selected from the medical records of the Centre for Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.

Results

We noted significant differences between the two patient groups concerning HbA1c levels in patients with stage I nephropathy and CRP values in those with retinopathy. A significant positive correlation between the levels of studied biomarkers and disease duration was noted for type 1, but not for type 2 patients. We found a higher risk of chronic complications in patients with type 2, compared to those with type 1 DM: the relative risk was higher by 1.87 (1.59–1.97) times for nephropathy, 2.57 (1.56–4.18) times for retinopathy and 3.66 (3.00–3.82) times for neuropathy.

Conclusion

Our study indicates a direct link between systemic inflammation and the timely progression of type 1 DM. In patients with type 2 DM, no statistical significance was found between the levels of studied biomarkers and the occurrence of microvascular complications. Nephropathy appeared sooner in type 1 DM patients, while retinopathy and neuropathy had a similar pattern of occurrence in both types of patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

    Ancuța Cutaș, Dan Istrate, Andrei Achimaș-Cadariu & Tudor Drugan

  2. Department of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

    Ancuța Cutaș, Gabriela Roman & Adriana Rusu

  3. Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400349, Cluj-Napoca, Romania

    Cristina Drugan

Authors
  1. Ancuța Cutaș
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  2. Cristina Drugan
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  4. Adriana Rusu
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cristina Drugan.

Ethics declarations

The research protocol was approved (no. 408 / 08.11.2017) by the Ethics Committee of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania, in accordance with the revised Helsinki Declaration of 2000. All patients gave their informed written consent before any procedure was initiated.

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All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Cutaș, A., Drugan, C., Roman, G. et al. Inflammatory response and timeline of chronic complications in patients with type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 40, 561–569 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-020-00824-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13410-020-00824-5

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