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Burkholderia sp. EIKU21 mediated synthesis of biogenic ZnO nanoparticle–based pigment for development of antibacterial cotton fabric through nanocoating

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Abstract

Microbial pigments and biogenic nanoparticles have gained increasing attention as sustainable alternatives to their synthetic counterpart due to their eco-friendly nature and diverse applications. This study focuses on harnessing the potential of an isolated bacterium, identified as Burkholderia sp. EIKU21 for pigment production coupled with biogenic ZnO-NP synthesis while solubilizing bulk ZnO (bZnO), and subsequent application in textile dyeing and coating with enhanced antimicrobial properties. EIKU21 started production of pigment in culture medium in 8 days during batch growth when maximum bZnO solubilization (~ 800 mg Zn/L) was observed. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS), DLS, zeta potential, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDAX), TEM, and XRD analyses of 0.22 μm membrane filtered cell-free supernatant (CFS) affirmed the synthesis of stable biogenic ZnO-NPs of average size 55.08 ± 2.28 nm (hydrodynamic size ~ 78.89 nm) with negative surface charge (~ − 3.86 mV). Pigment in cell-free supernatant was successfully applied to dye cotton fabrics under different condition and optimization through CIElab and K/S measurement indicated excellent color retention at 100 °C for 60 min (K/S-0.5244) even after rinsing with water and detergent. Furthermore, SEM and EDAX analyses, supported by FTIR spectral analysis, confirmed the coating of dyed fabric with stable biogenic ZnO-NP. The dyed fabric exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa emphasizing their potential for use in fabric with enhanced hygiene and longevity. Our findings highlight the dual benefits of utilizing Burkholderia sp. EIKU21 derived pigments conjugated with biogenic ZnO-NPs for sustainable textile dyeing and antibacterial coating on the fabric that foster eco-friendly and effective solutions for the textile industry.

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Funding

Taniya Roy received financial assistance from the University of Kalyani under the URS fellowship scheme. We also received support from the DST-SERB, Government of India, DST-PURSE, and Personal Research Grant of University of Kalyani.

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  1. Department of Microbiology, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India

    Taniya Roy, Nilendu Basak & Ekramul Islam

  2. Government College of Engineering and Textile Technology, Serampore, 712201, West Bengal, India

    Shashwata Mainak

  3. Department of Chemistry, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India

    Sangita Das & Sk Imran Ali

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  1. Taniya Roy
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Taniya Roy: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, investigation, data curation, writing — original draft. Nilendu Basak: methodology, formal analysis, investigation. Shashwata Mainak: methodology, formal analysis, investigation. Sangita Das: methodology, formal analysis, investigation. Sk Imran Ali: methodology, formal analysis. Ekramul Islam: conceptualization, supervision, writing — editing, funding acquisition.

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Roy, T., Basak, N., Mainak, S. et al. Burkholderia sp. EIKU21 mediated synthesis of biogenic ZnO nanoparticle–based pigment for development of antibacterial cotton fabric through nanocoating. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-024-05694-z

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