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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from waste Vigna mungo plant and evaluation of its antioxidant and antibacterial activity

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Abstract

The development of nanoparticles by using bioresources has become a good practice recently to avoid hazardous chemicals and processes. The present study reports the synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using an alkaline food additive prepared from Vigna mungo plant waste ash. This food additive called “Khar” is very popular in Assam, a North-Eastern state of India. This additive was used as the reducing and stabilizing agent for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles which were then characterized using TEM, XRD, UV–visible spectroscopy, DLS and zeta potential study, FESEM, and EDX. To study the antioxidant activity of the silver nanoparticle and plant waste ash extract, phytochemical analysis was done using standard methods. The quantitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the aqueous extract of the Vigna mungo ash which was responsible for the strong antioxidant activity of both ash extracts (IC50 = 27.83 µg/mL) and silver nanoparticles (IC50 = 13.74 µg/mL). The agar well diffusion method was used for the analysis of the antibacterial activity of silver nanoparticles which showed remarkable antibacterial activity against both the gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) respectively. Thus, the study reveals the utility of a traditional food additive made of Assam in the synthesis of silver nanoparticle with notable antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Centre (SAIC), Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST), Guwahati, DST, Government of India, for TEM analysis and Dept. of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India for XRD, FT-IR, ZETA, and DLS analyses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Chemistry, Kokrajhar Govt. College, Kokrajhar, BTR, Assam, India, 783370

    Deepjyoti Mazumder & Suresh K. Nath

  2. Dept. of Chemistry, Bodoland University, Kokrajhar, BTR, Assam, India, 783370

    Deepjyoti Mazumder

  3. Dept. of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India, 125011

    Rishi Mittal

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Deepjyoti Mazumder: investigation, formal analysis, visualization, writing—original draft; Rishi Mittal: investigation, formal analysis; Suresh Kumar Nath: conceptualization, writing—original draft, methodology, validation, supervision, visualization.

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Correspondence to Suresh K. Nath.

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Mazumder, D., Mittal, R. & Nath, S.K. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from waste Vigna mungo plant and evaluation of its antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-024-05375-x

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