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Investigation of pretreatment parameters for bioethanol production from Spirogyra using ZnO nanoparticles

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Abstract

Reduction and widespread consumption of fossil fuels have been diverted researcher attention towards alternative energy resources and a variety of biomass resources (energy crops, agricultural waste, animal waste and municipal waste) conversion into bioethanol production. Here, we have evaluated the effectiveness of green synthesized zinc oxide in term of harvesting efficiency, reducing sugar and fermentation products. Biomass was harvested by ZnO nanoparticles and got 92.9% harvesting efficiency within 5 min at 200 mg/L of ZnO nanoparticles. ZnO-harvested algae treated with nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide give highest reducing sugars ranging from 150 to 200 μg/μL. The average value of bioethanol percentage varies between 1.60 and 6.02% among all samples which were fermented using Saccromyces cerivicae (yeast) as fermenting agent. Highest ethanol was shown by ZnO-harvested algae treated with nitric acid, sodium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide which was in range of 3.78–6.02% v/v. Green synthesized nanoparticles method with reducing agent coating is an interesting and fascinating multiple application as compared to conventional physical and chemical methods. The outcome of this work is very useful for local biomass conversation into first and second-generation bioethanol production on large scale commercial process.

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Funding

There is no specific funding, but the authors would like to acknowledge The Islamia University Bahawalpur, Pakistan, National Research Program for University (NRPU), for Higher Education Commission, Pakistan (Grant ID: 9458), for providing the funds. And also acknowledge the Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou China (510225), Guangdong Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural affairs Project, Grant/Award Number 2020KJ115, 2021KJ115.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China

    Xue Huang, Murtaza Hasan, Hafiz Umer Javed & Xugang Shu

  2. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and biological Sciences, The Islamia University, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan

    Iqra Kainat, Murtaza Hasan, Ayesha Zafar & Tuba Tariq

  3. School of Engineering, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University Melbourne, 124 La Trobe Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia

    Ayesha Zafar

  4. Department of Chemistry, University of Management and Technology (UMT) Sialkot Campus, Sialkot, Lahore, Pakistan

    Khalil Ahmad

  5. College of Information Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, China

    Shahbaz Gul Hassan

  6. Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran

    Mansour Ghorbanpour

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  1. Xue Huang
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Contributions

Xue Huang: supervision, idea, writing first drafting. Iqra Kainat: investigation, experimentation. Murtaza Hasan: writing — original draft, design, idea. Ayesha Zafar: conceptualization, writing, review. Tuba Tariq: data interpretation, formal analysis, experimentation. Muhammad Khalil: formal analysis, interpretation of data. Shahbaz Gul Hassan: review, software, statistical analysis. Hafiz Umer Javed: data collection, formal analysis. Jianjin Guo: experimentation, drafting, analysis. Xugang Shu: supervision, conceptualization. Mansour Ghorbanpour: writing, review.

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Correspondence to Murtaza Hasan, Xugang Shu or Mansour Ghorbanpour.

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ESM 1.

Fig. S1. Microscopic view of spirogyra. Fig. S2 (a). Wet algae (b) Dry algae (c) Fine powdered algae. Fig. S3. Effect of ZnO nanoparticle dosage on (a) harvesting efficiency and (b) recovery capacity of algal sample. (DOCX 358 kb)

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Huang, X., Kainat, I., Hasan, M. et al. Investigation of pretreatment parameters for bioethanol production from Spirogyra using ZnO nanoparticles. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-05024-9

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