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Investigation under different particle size effects of chitin with vinyl ester on mechanical behavior

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Abstract

An alternative particle-reinforced composite has been developed using inexpensive waste prawn shell–derived chitin reinforced vinyl ester thermoset resin. The effects of different weight percentages of chitin particles and various particle sizes of chitin particles on the thermal, mechanical, and morphological characteristics of vinyl ester resins were investigated. Composites made of chitin with different weight percentages (0%, 10%, 20%, and 30%) and various particle sizes (300 μm, 425 μm, and 600 μm) were prepared by compression molding. This research evaluates the impact of particle size varying with weight percentages of filler particles influencing the strength such as tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and hardness of composites. These properties increase with addition of the filler content while decreasing with increasing filler particle size. As an outcome of the work, the prepared composites showed that the mechanical properties of the composites had a maximum value at 20% loading of 300-μm filler in comparison to filler of 425 and 600 μm. The tensile strength of pure vinyl ester showed 65 MPa, and it increased to 99 MPa for 20% filler of 300-μm size. Similar observation was observed for other mechanical properties such as the tensile modulus, flexural strength, flexural modulus, and impact strength. After 20 wt% of filler, loading content causes the microparticles to aggregate, which reduces the composites’ strength. This decrease in strength can be attributed to the reduced mechanical interlocking between vinyl ester chains and chitin particles due to smoothening of the chitin particle surface. At the same time, the entanglement between the vinyl ester chain moieties was insufficient to impart effective stress transfer at this high concentration of chitin particles. However, the elongation at break had dropped due to increasing in the filler content and size. The virgin vinyl ester resin had elongation at break of 4.0%, and it decreased to 2.6% when the particle size increased 600 μm of 30% loading of filler. It also observed that increasing the filler material and particle size of the filler affects the composites’ ability to absorb water. While increasing the filler content, there is a drop in chemical resistance of the composites. Samples revealed that the higher chemical resistance nature of biocomposite in the order of CCl4 > H2SO4 > NaOH is noted due to the hydrophilic nature of filler. SEM analysis was done to study the composite morphological behavior of the particle distribution and agglomeration for vinyl ester containing 425 μ (20%) chitin filler. The developed vinyl ester/chitin filler biocomposite can be a potential source of sustainable composite products for a rapidly growing ecofriendly urban development.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bio Technology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India

    R. Baskaran

  2. Department of Polymer Technology, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India

    M.G. Sribala

  3. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, 625701, India

    Gurukarthik Babu Balachandran

  4. Department of Chemistry, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India

    S. Gandhi

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  1. R. Baskaran
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  2. M.G. Sribala
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  3. Gurukarthik Babu Balachandran
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  4. S. Gandhi
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Contributions

R Baskaran: editing, methodology, writing — reviewing, formal analysis

M. G. Sribala: supervision, project administration, software, investigation,

Gurukarthik Babu Balachandran*: conceptualization, methodology, software, and validation

R. Gandhi: data curation, writing- original draft preparation, editing

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Correspondence to Gurukarthik Babu Balachandran.

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Baskaran, R., Sribala, M., Balachandran, G.B. et al. Investigation under different particle size effects of chitin with vinyl ester on mechanical behavior. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04936-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04936-w

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