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Effect of chemically treated kenaf fiber on the mechanical, morphological, and microstructural characteristics of PLA-based sustainable bio-composites fabricated via direct injection molding route

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Abstract

Global manufacturing of high-performance manufactured products made from natural resources is increasing as a result of renewable and environmental concerns. This study investigated the mechanical and morphological properties of PLA and kenaf short fiber (3–4 mm). The kenaf fibers were treated with different chemical concentrations (10% and 20%) before being used to make composites with an injection molding machine. SEM analysis was performed on the treated and mechanically tested bio-composites. Mechanical analysis of the generated composites was performed utilizing tensile, flexural, and impact tests to investigate the influence of treatment on interfacial adhesion. Fibers treated with a 20% concentration of sodium acetate provided the most desirable tensile and flexural characteristics in the composites. Apart from impact strength, chemical treatment has a significant impact on the properties of green composites. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were used to examine the crystallinity and infrared spectra of bio-composites. The chemical treatment of natural fiber with sodium acetate is an environmentally friendly approach for producing long-lasting PLA-based bio-composites.

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Data availability

It is purely an experimental research work; all data acquired during experiments and analyses are included in this paper.

Abbreviations

PLA:

polylactic acid

KF:

kenaf fiber

PLA:

poly-lactic acid

UTM:

universal testing machine

SEM:

scanning electron microscopy

ROKFRC:

randomly oriented kenaf fiber-reinforced composites

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

FTIR:

Fourier transformation infrared

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Funding

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University (KKU) for funding this research through the Research Group Program Under the Grant Number:(R.G.P.2/515/44).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Sandeep Kumar

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh, 160012, India

    Rakesh Dang & Alakesh Manna

  3. Mechanical Engineering Department, University Center for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India

    Shubham Sharma

  4. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266520, China

    Shubham Sharma & Changhe Li

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon

    Shubham Sharma

  6. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lloyd Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida, India

    Shashi Prakash Dwivedi

  7. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Lloyd Institute of Engineering & Technology, Greater Noida, India

    Shashi Prakash Dwivedi

  8. Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia, Boris Yeltsin, 19 Mira Street, 620002, Ekaterinburg, Russia

    Abhinav Kumar

  9. Electrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia

    Mohamed Abbas

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  3. Alakesh Manna
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  4. Shubham Sharma
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Contributions

SK: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis and investigation, visualization, and writing—original draft preparation; RD: conceptualization, investigation, and writing—review and editing; AM: investigation and writing—review and editing; SS: conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis and investigation, visualization, writing—original draft preparation, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, validation; SPD: formal analysis, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, validation; AK: formal analysis, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, validation; CL: formal analysis, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, validation; MA: formal analysis, writing—review and editing, supervision, project administration, validation.

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Correspondence to Shubham Sharma.

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Kumar, S., Dang, R., Manna, A. et al. Effect of chemically treated kenaf fiber on the mechanical, morphological, and microstructural characteristics of PLA-based sustainable bio-composites fabricated via direct injection molding route. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-04916-0

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