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Phyto-mediated synthesis of silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles from Plectranthus barbatus leaf extract: optical, morphological, and antibacterial properties

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Abstract

In the present study, pristine and silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO and Ag-ZnO NPs) were synthesized via a simple, eco-friendly method using a Plectranthus barbatus leaf aqueous extract as an NP-generating facilitator. The NPs obtained were characterized using FTIR, XRD, SEM, and UV–Vis. FTIR confirmed chemical structure, XRD emphasizes retained hexagonal crystallite structure, SEM revealed a nanosheet morphology, and optical analysis indicated bandgap improvement from 2.55 to 2.51 and 2.04 eV for pristine, 0.02, and 0.06 Ag-doped ZnO NPs. Antibacterial test, performed on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, representing Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, using the disk diffusion method in reference to azithromycin standard drug, noticeably revealed selective action for S. aureus with negligible activity against E. coli. The activity against S. aureus was found to be concentration- and doping-dependent, and as they increased, the activity increased as well. Such improvement in ZnO properties, as a result of certain morphology enhancement, makes it one suitable nominee for applications in various fields, such as solar cells, photocatalysis, and antibacterial applications.

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Acknowledgements

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia, for funding this research work through project no. IFKSURG-2-1509. The authors would like to thank Dr. Abdullah Al-Jarfi (Al-Jarfi Medical Lab) for his sincere assistance with the biology tests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Sana’a University, 12081, Sana’a, Yemen

    Adnan Alnehia & A. H. Al-Hammadi

  2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Thamar University, 87246, Dhamar, Yemen

    Adnan Alnehia & Annas Al-Sharabi

  3. Engineer Abdullah Bugshan Research Chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11545, Saudi Arabia

    Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni & Safiah A. Alramadhan

  4. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Thamar University, 87246, Dhamar, Yemen

    Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni

  5. Umm Al-Momineen Maimouna Bint Al-Harth Intermediate School at the National Guard, Al Khobar Education Office, General Directorate of Education Eastern Province, Ministry of Education, Al Khobar, Saudi Arabia

    Safiah A. Alramadhan

  6. Division of Biochemistry, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen

    Riad M. Alodeni

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  1. Adnan Alnehia
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  2. Annas Al-Sharabi
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Adnan Alnehia, Annas Al-Sharabi, and A.H. Al-Hammadi. Methodology: Adnan Alnehia and Riad M. Alodeni. Formal analysis and investigation: Adnan Alnehia, Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni, and Safiah A. Alramadhan. Writing—original draft preparation: Adnan Alnehia and Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni. Writing—review and editing: Adnan Alnehia and Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni. Visualization: Adnan Alnehia and Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni. Supervision: Annas Al-Sharabi, A.H. Al-Hammadi.

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Alnehia, A., Al-Sharabi, A., Al-Hammadi, A.H. et al. Phyto-mediated synthesis of silver-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles from Plectranthus barbatus leaf extract: optical, morphological, and antibacterial properties. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-03907-5

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