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Bioremoval of rhodamine B dye from aqueous solution by using agricultural solid waste (almond shell): experimental and DFT modeling studies

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Abstract

The current study aimed to investigate the biosorption of rhodamine B from aqueous solution using an almond shell as an agricultural solid waste biosorbent. The almond shell biosorbent was characterized via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and point of zero charge (pHPZC) analyses. The parameters that influence the biosorption process such as contact time, initial dye concentration, biosorbent dose, temperature, and pH were investigated. According to the correlation coefficient, the data were best outlined by the Langmuir isotherm with adsorption capacity of 14.70 mg g−1. The adsorption energy found from the D-R model showed that the adsorption process is chemical. The kinetic data were described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models. Thermodynamic parameters were calculated; it was seen that the biosorption process is spontaneous and endothermic. The density functional theory (DFT) calculation results are well-matched with those discovered through experimentation. The results indicate that almond shells could be interesting alternative material used for dye removal from aqueous solutions.

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Funding

The present study was partly supported by the Sivas Cumhuriyet University Scientific Research Projects Commission.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition and Diet, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, 58140, Turkey

    Zeynep Mine Şenol

  2. Laboratory of Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, 80000, Agadir, Morocco

    Noureddine El Messaoudi

  3. Engineering Laboratory of Organometallic, Molecular Materials and Environment, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, 30000, Fez, Morocco

    Yasmine Fernine

  4. Department of Pharmacy, Health Services Vocational School, Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, 58140, Turkey

    Zehra Seba Keskin

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  1. Zeynep Mine Şenol
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  2. Noureddine El Messaoudi
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  3. Yasmine Fernine
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  4. Zehra Seba Keskin
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Contributions

Zeynep Mine Şenol: conceptualization, data curation, investigation, methodology, project administration, resources, supervision, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. Noureddine El Messaoudi: conceptualization, data curation, investigation, methodology, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. Yasmine Fernine: data curation, validation, computations, writing—review and editing. Zehra Seba Keskin: data curation, investigation.

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Correspondence to Zeynep Mine Şenol.

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Şenol, Z.M., Messaoudi, N.E., Fernine, Y. et al. Bioremoval of rhodamine B dye from aqueous solution by using agricultural solid waste (almond shell): experimental and DFT modeling studies. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-023-03781-1

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