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Experimental analysis of CO2 reduction using low surface area carbon beads (CB) and Ca/CB catalyst by thermocatalytic gasification for fuel gas production

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Abstract

Since carbon dioxide (CO2) has a more substantial impact on climate change, it must be recycled to slow down global warming. In this work, wet impregnation (at a 3 wt.% concentration), drying, and calcination processes were used to synthesise calcium oxide-loaded carbon beads (CaO/CB). In order to produce Ca/CB (catalyst) from the CaO/CB, hydrogen gas was employed for the reduction process. Then, the obtained Ca/CB were used in a packed bed reactor (PBR) to produce carbon monoxide (CO) as a fuel gas from CO2 by thermocatalytic gasification process. The experiments were conducted with non-catalysed CB and the Ca/CB catalyst from 100 to 900 °C and 100 to 300 °C, respectively. The current study reveals that Ca reactive sites on Ca/CB have significantly higher gasification activity than the non-catalysed CB for CO2 reduction. The samples (CB and CaO/CB) were thoroughly characterised by N2 adsorption and desorption isotherms, FESEM with EDX, XRD, TG-DSC, and FTIR spectroscopy. Also, gas chromatography was used to verify the reactant and product species qualitatively and quantitatively. Compared with regular CB, Ca/CB has a maximum CO2 conversion and CO yield of 50.7% at 150 °C. In contrast, CO formation began to occur above 300 °C using regular CB. For this, the PBR was operated with CO2 on a CB-filled and catalyst-filled (Ca/CB) reactive zone at a 100 mL/min flow rate under the same circumstances. These findings lead to the hypothesis that the kinetic barrier for converting CO2 to CO can be overcome by Ca/CB.

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The data set and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on realistic demand.

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Acknowledgements

Lab facilities were provided by the Institute for Energy Studies and Mechanical Engineering, Anna University (CEG campus), Chennai-600 025, Tamil Nadu, India.

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Institute for Energy Studies, CEG-Anna University, Chennai, 600025, Tamil Nadu, India

    Devarajan Vishnu Prasanna & Madhavan Venkata Ramanan

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  1. Devarajan Vishnu Prasanna
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In addition to conceiving and researching the idea, both authors worked on data analysis and processing. Mr. Vishnu Prasanna D, developed the first draft of the methodology and wrote the manuscript. The final experimental work and manuscript were produced by Dr. Venkata Ramanan M, who supervised the research work and idea.

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Correspondence to Devarajan Vishnu Prasanna.

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Devarajan, V.P., Madhavan, V.R. Experimental analysis of CO2 reduction using low surface area carbon beads (CB) and Ca/CB catalyst by thermocatalytic gasification for fuel gas production. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 7319–7331 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-03358-4

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