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Effect of immobilization, mutation, and microbial stresses on increasing production efficiency of “Cyclosporin A”

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Abstract

Cyclosporin A (CyA) is a secondary metabolite mainly produced by Tolypocladium inflatum. CyA is a non-polar cyclic polypeptide that is widely used in medicine. Its importance is due to its immunosuppressive role making it useful for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, although to some extent, it showed anti-fungal and anti-parasitic properties. In this review, we discuss the biosynthetic pathway, fermentative production (increasing production efficiency by cells, appropriate, and new fermentation process), downstream processing (efficient extraction and purification), and pharmacological activities of CyA.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by funds from the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (Grant # 3/53741) and the Iran National Science Foundation (Grant #99028947).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, P.O. Box: 9177948974, Mashhad, Iran

    Fereshteh Falah, Alireza Vasiee, Farideh Tabatabaee-Yazdi & Seyed Ali Mortazavi

  2. Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 9177899191, Mashhad, Iran

    Mohammad Ramezani

  3. Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 9177899191, Mashhad, Iran

    Abolghasem Danesh

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Contributions

Fereshteh Falah: Conceptualization, writing—review and editing. Alireza Vasiee: Writing—review and editing. Mohammad Ramezani: Writing—review and editing. Farideh Tabatabaee Yazdi: Conceptualization, writing—review and editing. Seyed Ali Mortazavi: Writing—review and editing. Abolghasem Danesh: Writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Farideh Tabatabaee-Yazdi.

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Falah, F., Vasiee, A., Ramezani, M. et al. Effect of immobilization, mutation, and microbial stresses on increasing production efficiency of “Cyclosporin A”. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 4441–4456 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02533-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02533-x

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