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Effect of cashew shell biomass synthesized cardanol oil green compatibilizer on flexibility, barrier, thermal, and wettability of PLA/PBAT biocomposite films

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Abstract

The bio-based polymer blend of polylactic acid (PLA)-polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT) incorporated with cashew shell biomass synthesized cardanol oil (CARD) was prepared by solution casting method. The various formulations were prepared with PLA/PBAT(90/10) polymer blend containing 1%, 3%, and 5 wt.% of cardanol oil. All the prepared PLA/PBAT films were subjected to characterization techniques such as surface morphology, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mechanical, thermal stability, X-ray diffraction, film color, opacity, wettability, and antimicrobial properties. The FTIR and XRD results confirmed the effective miscibility and molecular interactions of cardanol oil in PLA/PBAT blend. Further, the results of TGA analysis showed thermal stability improvement in PLA/PBAT bio-based film by the addition of cardanol oil. The homogeneous distribution of cardanol oil droplets on the PLA/PBAT blend was confirmed by observed SEM and TEM images. The mechanical result proved that the addition of 5 wt.% of cardanol oil into the PLA/PBAT blend increases the elongation at break. Moreover the bio-based PLA/PBAT film shows good barrier against water vapor and a poor barrier against oxygen permeability. The presence of cardanol oil in the PLA/PBAT matrix helps to enhance the optical and wettability properties of prepared bio-based film. Finally, it is proved from the investigational results that the PLA/PBAT/cardanol biodegradable films may be recommended to use in food packaging applications wherever high flexibility, water vapor barrier, thermal stability, antibacterial resistance, and less water absorption properties are required.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Printing and Packaging Technology, Anna University, Tamilnadu, India

    T Thendral Thiyagu

  2. Department of Aeronautical Engineering, Veltech Rangarajan Dr Sagunthala R&D Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India

    Sai Prasanna Kumar J.V

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai, India

    Gurusamy P

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, KSRM College of Engineering, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, India

    V Sathiyamoorthy

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, India

    Maridurai T

  6. Department of Mechanical Engineering, J.N.N Institute of Engineering, Chennai, India

    Arun Prakash VR

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  1. T Thendral Thiyagu
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  2. Sai Prasanna Kumar J.V
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Thiyagu, T.T., J.V, S.P.K., P, G. et al. Effect of cashew shell biomass synthesized cardanol oil green compatibilizer on flexibility, barrier, thermal, and wettability of PLA/PBAT biocomposite films. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 11841–11851 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01941-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01941-9

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