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Spectrochemical Analysis of Stainless Steel Using 355 nm and 1064 nm Nd:YAG Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

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Abstract

Stainless steel is a notably beneficial product and is widely used in many applications. Controlling the quality of steel products by determining their trace elemental content is essential. The content of trace elements such as Cr in steel protects the alloy from corrosion and enhances its lifetime, especially in the case of steel embedded in concrete structures. This article presents a quantitative analysis of the trace element Cr in steel samples using advanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) with an Nd:YAG laser at wavelengths of 355 and 1064 nm. The LIBS emission intensity of Cr at a laser wavelength of 355 nm was improved compared to that at 1064 nm. Notably, the calibration curves exhibit a zero intercept using the LIBS technique at the third harmonic (355 nm) and fundamental (1064 nm) wavelengths generated by the Nd:YAG laser. The detection limits for Cr in steel were determined as 21 and 36 parts per million using the laser wavelengths of 355 and 1064 nm, respectively. This study demonstrated that the wavelength of 355 nm is significantly more suitable for the quantitative analysis of stainless steel than 1064 nm in laser-induced spectroscopy.

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Acknowledgements

The current study received financial assistance from the Institute for Research and Community Services at Diponegoro University under the Research Grant of RPIBT 2023 No. 225-43/UN7.D2/PP/IV/2023. Dr. Gondal is thankful to KFUPM for the support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia

    Ali Khumaeni & Wahyu Setia Budi

  2. Research Center for Laser and Advanced Nanotechnology, Diponegoro University, Semarang, 50275, Indonesia

    Ali Khumaeni & Wahyu Setia Budi

  3. Computer Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, 11480, Indonesia

    Rinda Hedwig

  4. Laser Research Group, Physics Department and IRC-Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran 31261, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia

    M. A. Gondal

  5. Research Center of Maju Makmur Mandiri Foundation, Jakarta, 11630, Indonesia

    Koo Hendrik Kurniawan

  6. Research Center for Development of Far-Infrared Region, University of Fukui, Fukui, 910-8507, Japan

    Masahiko Tani

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  1. Ali Khumaeni
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Contributions

AK: Conceptualization, Methodology, Finalization of manuscript. WSB: Conceptualization, Analyses of experimental results. RH: Experiment, methodology. KHK: Conceptualization, Finalization of manuscript. MT: Data analysis, Writing- Reviewing and Editing. Dr G: supervision, writing, reviewing and editing of manuscript.

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Correspondence to Ali Khumaeni.

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The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

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This study did not involve human participants or biological materials and therefore no ethical approval is required.

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Khumaeni, A., Budi, W.S., Hedwig, R. et al. Spectrochemical Analysis of Stainless Steel Using 355 nm and 1064 nm Nd:YAG Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopy. Arab J Sci Eng (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-024-09015-4

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