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Optimizing Reinforcement Strategies for Robust Beam-Column Joints in Seismic-Resistant Structures

  • Research Article-Civil Engineering
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Abstract

The exterior beam-column joints (BCJs) in reinforced concrete (RC) structures are critical and often vulnerable elements, particularly under seismic conditions, with the potential for catastrophic structural failure. Achieving robust and ductile joint design is paramount. Although efforts have been made to establish design standards for strong and ductile joints, further research is needed, especially regarding the realization of a weak beam-strong column mechanism in moment frames. This study utilizes finite element modeling (FEM) to enhance BCJs performance by exploring various reinforcement configurations as alternatives to conventional shear stirrups in the joint area. The objective is to address the challenge of reinforcement congestion in the joint area during concrete placement, which can compromise earthquake resistance. Ten FEM models were developed for evaluation, one without additional reinforcement and nine with various reinforcement configurations. The primary focus was on assessing the effectiveness of these configurations in BCJs under monotonic loading by comparing damage–rotation curves, load–deflection curves, and damage distribution. The results show that in-plane diagonal bars outperformed their out-of-plane bars, reducing core damage by 22–37%. Among the configurations, the model with two X-shaped reinforcements, replacing conventional joint stirrups, emerged as the optimal solution. This configuration provided enhanced rotational stiffness, minimized core damage in tension and compression by about 83%, improved load-carrying capacity by 13.7%, and promoted the formation of plastic hinges away from the joint, achieving the sought-after weak beam-strong column mechanism. This research has significant implications for practical design and construction in RC structures, enhancing their resilience to seismic events and contributing to safer built environments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, 23460, Pakistan

    Hafiz Ahmed Waqas, Mehran Sahil, Muhammad Mansoor Khan, Abdul Wahid Anwar & Mati Ullah Shah

  2. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), H-12 Sector, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

    Muhammad Usman

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  1. Hafiz Ahmed Waqas
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Correspondence to Mati Ullah Shah or Muhammad Usman.

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Waqas, H.A., Sahil, M., Khan, M.M. et al. Optimizing Reinforcement Strategies for Robust Beam-Column Joints in Seismic-Resistant Structures. Arab J Sci Eng 49, 6107–6124 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-023-08591-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-023-08591-1

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