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Long-Term Drained and Post-liquefaction Cyclic Behaviour of Offshore Wind Turbine in Silty Sand Using Element Tests

  • Research Article-Civil Engineering
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Abstract

Offshore wind turbine (OWT) structure foundations and soil are subjected to long-term cyclic loading from wind and waves. Loads due to earthquake also act on the OWT system in seismically active areas. The long-term dynamic behaviour of the OWT is challenging due to the complex nature of dynamic loads. The soil stiffness changes due to the application of cyclic loading, which leads to a change in the natural frequency and response of the OWT system. Therefore, the assessment of long-term dynamic behaviour soil surrounding the foundation of the OWT structure is essential due to the operational condition and seismic event. In this study, element tests are conducted utilizing cyclic triaxial test apparatus to examine the long-term drained and post-liquefaction long-term cyclic behaviour of silty sand. Secant shear modulus and damping ratio are estimated under drained condition due to 10,000 load cycles. Silty sand behaviour at liquefied phase and post-liquefaction long-term cyclic behaviour phases are investigated at different effective confining pressure, relative density, and shear strain rate. Based on the element tests, a numerical model is proposed predicting the long-term fundamental frequency of OWT to avoid resonance.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the anonymous reviewers for their critical comments, which have helped improve the work.

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  1. Department of Civil Engineering, School of Infrastructure, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Jatni, Odisha, 752050, India

    Sangeet Kumar Patra & Sumanta Haldar

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  1. Sangeet Kumar Patra
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  2. Sumanta Haldar
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Correspondence to Sumanta Haldar.

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Patra, S.K., Haldar, S. Long-Term Drained and Post-liquefaction Cyclic Behaviour of Offshore Wind Turbine in Silty Sand Using Element Tests. Arab J Sci Eng 46, 4791–4810 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-05167-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-05167-1

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