Abstract
In the present study the generation of inkjet drops of suspensions of spherical particles in polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution in 1-heptanol is investigated experimentally. The particle size was 2 µm and the particle volume fraction was in the range of 0–0.18. The molecular weight of PVP was 1,300 kg/mol and the concentration was 0–4,000 ppm. The diffusive wave spectroscopy measurement shows that the PVP solution has a weak elasticity. The extensional viscosity measurement reveals that both the polymer solution and the suspension show strain hardening behavior. The jetting experiments show that the drop velocity of the suspension is larger than that of the polymer solution without particles. The difference in drop velocity is ascribed to the combined effect of the extensional viscosity and shear viscosity. The drop size of the suspension is larger than the drop size of the polymer solution without particles at the same driving voltage even though the viscosity of the suspension is larger. This difference is ascribed to the change in the free surface shape near the nozzle exit due to the viscosity difference and the increased inertial term due to the density increase by the addition of particles. Because the surface tensions of the fluids tested here are the same, the effect of surface tension force cannot be examined even though the force analysis shows that the surface tension force is larger than the other forces such as extensional and convective forces.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bergenholtz, J., J.F. Brady, and M. Vivic, 2002, The non-Newtonian rheology of dilute colloidal suspensions, J. Fluid Mech. 456, 239–275.
Bonnoit, C., T. Bertrand, E. Clement, and A. Lindner, 2012, Accelerated drop detachment in granular suspensions, Phys. Fluids 24, 043304/1–14.
de Gans, B.J., L.J. Xue, U.S. Agarwal, and U.S. Schubert, 2005, Ink-jet printing of linear and star polymers, Macromol. Rapid Comm. 26, 310–314.
de Hazan, Y., M. Thanert, M. Trunec, and J. Misak, 2012, Robotic deposition of 3D nanocomposite and ceramic fiber architectures via UV curable colloidal inks, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 32, 1187–1198.
Furbank, R.J. and J.F. Morris, 2004, An experimental study of particle effects on drop formation, Phys. Fluids 16, 1777–1790.
Han, H. and C. Kim, 2014, Dispensing of rheologically complex fluids at the dripping regime, J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. 213, 57–67.
Hoath, S.D., W.K. Hsiao, I.M. Hutchings, and T.R. Tuladhar, 2014, Jetted mixtures of particle suspensions and resins, Phys. Fluids 26, 101701/1–6.
Hoath, S.D., I.M. Hutchings, G.D. Martin, T.R. Tuladhar, M.R. Mackley, and D. Vadillo, 2009, Links between ink rheology, drop-on-demand jet formation, and printability, J. Imaging Sci. Techn. 53, 041208/1–8.
Israelachvili, J.N., 2011, Intermolecular and surface forces, Elsevier, Amsterdam.
Layani, M., I. Cooperstein, and S. Magdassi, 2013, UV crosslinkable emulsions with silver nanoparticles for inkjet printing of conductive 3D structures, J. Mater. Chem. C 1, 3244–3249.
Le Meins, J.-F., P. Moldanaers, and J. Mewis, 2003, Suspensions of monodisperse spheres in polymer melts: particle size effects in extensional flow, Rheol. Acta 42, 184–190.
Lok, K.P. and C.K. Ober, 1985, Particle-size control in dispersion polymerization of polystyrene, Can. J. Chemistry 63, 209–216.
McKinley, G.H., 2005, Visco-elasto-capillary thinning and breakup of complex fluids, In: D.M. Binding and K. Walters, eds., Rheology Review, Britich Society of Rheology, Aberystwyth, 1–48.
Mewis, J. and N.J. Wagner, 2012, Colloidal suspension rheology, Cambridge University Press, New York.
Nge, T.T., M. Nogi, and K. Suganuma, 2013, Electrical functionality of inkjet-printed silver nanoparticle conductive tracks on nanostructured paper compared with those on plastic substrates, J. Mater. Chem. C 1, 5235–5243.
ozrikidis, C., 1997, Introduction to theoretical and computational fluid dynamics, Oxford University Press, New York.
Rayleigh, L., 1878, On The instability of jets, P. Lond. Math. Soc. s1–10, 4–13.
Reis, N., C. Ainsley, and B. Derby, 2005, Ink-jet delivery of particle suspensions by piezoelectric droplet ejectors, J. Appl. Phys. 97, 094903/1-6.
Rodd, L.E., T.P. Scott, J.J. Cooper-White, and G.H. McKinley, 2005, Capillary break-up rheometry of low-viscosity elastic fluids, Appl. Rheol. 15, 12–27.
Russel, W.B., D.A. Saville, and W.R. Schowalter, 1989, Colloidal dispersions, Cambridge University Press, New York.
Russo, A., B.Y. Ahn, J.J. Adams, E.B. Duoss, J.T. Bernhard, and J.A. Lewis, 2011, Pen-on-paper flexible electronics, Adv. Mater. 23, 3426–3430.
Saunders, R.E. and B. Derby, 2014, Inkjet printing biomaterials for tissue engineering: bioprinting, Int. Mater. Rev. 59, 430–448.
Shin, H. and C. Kim, 2012, Preparation of spheroidal and ellipsoidal particles from spherical polymer particles by extension of polymer film, Colloid Polym. Sci. 290, 1309–1315.
Shore, H.J. and G.M. Harrison, 2005, The effect of added polymers on the formation of drops ejected from a nozzle, Phys. Fluids 17, 033104/1–7.
Son, Y. and C. Kim, 2009, Spreading of inkjet droplet of non- Newtonian fluid on solid surface with controlled contact angle at low Weber and Reynolds numbers, J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. 162, 78–87.
Vadillo, D.C., T.R. Tuladhar, A.C. Mulji, S. Jung, S.D. Hoath, and M.R. Mackley, 2010, Evaluation of the inkjet fluid's performance using the Cambridge Trimaster filament stretch and break-up device, J. Rheol. 54, 261–282.
van Deen, M.S., T. Bertrand, N. Vu, D. Quere, E. Clement, and A. Lindner, 2013, Particles accelerate the detachment of viscous liquids, Rheol. Acta 52, 403–412.
Wang, X., W.W. Carr, D.G. Bucknall, and J.F. Morris, 2012, Drop-on-demand drop formation of colloidal suspensions, Int. J. Multiphase Flow 38, 17–26.
Xu, C.X., M. Zhang, Y. Huang, A. Ogale, J.Z. Fu, and R.R. Markwald, 2014, Study of droplet formation process during drop-on-demand inkjetting of living cell-laden bioink, Langmuir 30, 9130–9138.
Yoo, H. and C. Kim, 2013, Generation of inkjet droplet of non-Newtonian fluid, Rheol. Acta 52, 313–325.
Yoo, H. and C. Kim, 2015, Experimental studies on formation, spreading and drying of inkjet drop of colloidal suspensions, Colloid Surf. A 468, 234–245.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yoo, H., Kim, C. Generation of inkjet droplet of suspension in polymer solution. Korea-Aust. Rheol. J. 27, 137–149 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13367-015-0014-z
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13367-015-0014-z