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Wolbachia infection in West Nile Virus vectors of northwest Iran

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Abstract

Mosquito-borne viral diseases are serious health problems in many countries. Various methods have been used for controlling the vectors of these diseases. Among symbiotic bacteria, the members of the genus Wolbachia are the most ubiquitous symbionts of arthropods and play key roles in their host biological characteristics with various effects on their hosts. The identification of these bacteria in Iranian mosquitoes is limited to a few studies. The current study was carried out to determine (1) the Wolbachia infection of probable arbovirus vectors (Aedes caspius, Culex pipiens, Culex theileri and Culiseta longiareolata), (2) the Wolbachia strain(s) infecting the mosquitoes, and (3) the geographical distribution of the Wolbachia strain(s) in the northwest of Iran. Eight species including Ae. caspius, Anopheles hyrcanus, An. maculipennis, Cx. hortensis, Cx. modestus, Cx. pipiens, Cx. theileri, and Cs. longiareolata were identified, amongst which Ae. caspius with 63.1% and An. hyrcanus with 0.3% were the most and the least abundant species, respectively. The results of semi-nested PCR using Wolbachia surface protein (wsp) fragment assays showed that Wolbachia infection was present in three out of the four above mentioned arboviral vector species (Aedes caspius, Culex pipiens, Culex theileri and Culiseta longiareolata), where the highest infection rate was seen in Cx. pipiens. The infection rates of mosquitoes with Wolbachia in the species of Cx. pipiens, Cs. longiareolata, Cx. theileri, and Ae. caspius were 96.9%, 11.5%, 5.2% and 0%, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

This article is part of the results of the first author’s dissertation for the fulfillment of MSc degree in Medical Entomology and Vector Control from the Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. This study was supported by the Urmia University of Medical Sciences (UMSU), Urmia, Iran.

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  1. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

    Faramarz Bozorg-Omid, Mozaffar Vahedi, Seyyed Javad Seyyed-Zadeh & Ali Reza Chavshin

  2. Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

    Faramarz Bozorg-Omid

  3. Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Ali Oshaghi & Fateh Karimian

  4. Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

    Ali Reza Chavshin

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  1. Faramarz Bozorg-Omid
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Bozorg-Omid, F., Oshaghi, M.A., Vahedi, M. et al. Wolbachia infection in West Nile Virus vectors of northwest Iran. Appl Entomol Zool 55, 105–113 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13355-019-00658-6

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