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Variations of natural frequencies of masonry minarets due to environmental effects

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Abstract

It is very important to distinguish the reason of change in natural frequencies of structures either caused by a possible damage or environmental conditions (temperature and humidity). In this study, the changes in the dynamic properties of masonry and reinforced concrete minarets under environmental effects, such as temperature and humidity, were investigated. The masonry minarets of İskenderpaşa, Hacı Kasım, and Tavanlı Mosques and the reinforced concrete minarets of Karadeniz Technical University, Dilaveroğlu and Papatya Mosques in Trabzon were monitored by ambient vibration test method, and the relationship between natural frequencies and temperature and humidity was tried to be determined. For this purpose, the natural frequencies of these minarets were measured at certain intervals under different temperature and humidity conditions over a period of approximately 6 months. The vibration measurement system which was developed by our research team was used in the measurements. From the data collected by these measurements, the variation intervals of the natural frequencies (the smallest and the highest values), the percentages of change and their relations with temperature and humidity were revealed. This relationship was determined using linear–non-linear simple and multiple regression analyses. From this study, it was found that the natural frequencies change under environmental effects, such as temperature and humidity, and this rate of change was approximately 7%. There was moderate correlation in Tavanlı, Dilaveroğlu, and Papatya Minarets, and strong correlation in Hacı Kasım Minaret.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Office of Scientific Research Projects of Karadeniz Technical University, under Project No. FYL-2022-10134. The authors would like to thank Dr. İsmet ÇALIK who is Director of Trabzon Foundation Regional Directorate for his great contributions to structure information of all minarets and field tests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

    Yusuf Yanik, Abdullah Aymelek & Temel Türker

  2. Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey

    Ömer Yildirim

  3. Department of Civil Engineering, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey

    Betül Demirtaş

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  1. Yusuf Yanik
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Correspondence to Temel Türker.

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Appendix

Appendix

See Tables 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14.

Table 3 Information of measurements carried out on İskenderpaşa Minaret
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Table 4 Information of the measurements carried out on Hacı Kasım Minaret
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Table 5 Information of the measurements carried out on Tavanlı Minaret
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Table 6 Information of the measurements carried out on KTU Minaret
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Table 7 Information of the measurements carried out on Dilaveroğlu Minaret
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Table 8 Information of the measurements carried out on Papatya Minaret
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Table 9 Experimental natural frequencies of İskenderpaşa Minaret
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Table 10 Experimental natural frequencies of Hacı Kasım Minaret
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Table 11 Experimental natural frequencies of Tavanlı Minaret
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Table 12 Experimental natural frequencies of KTU Minaret
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Table 13 Experimental natural frequencies of Dilaveroğlu Minaret
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Table 14 Experimental natural frequencies of Papatya Minaret
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Yanik, Y., Aymelek, A., Yildirim, Ö. et al. Variations of natural frequencies of masonry minarets due to environmental effects. J Civil Struct Health Monit 14, 635–661 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13349-023-00745-x

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