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Preparation and characterization of 3D printed PLA microneedle arrays for prolonged transdermal drug delivery of estradiol valerate

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Abstract

Biodegradable polymeric microneedle arrays (BPMNAs) could be explored as potential devices for transdermal drug delivery, which can provide a painless and safe drug delivery method. BPMNAs could also provide high drug-loading capacity and prolonged drug delivery once integrated with a drug reservoir. However, the fabrication of MNAs with a drug reservoir is expensive and requires complicated procedures. The present study was conducted to describe the preparation of a reservoir-based BPMNA containing estradiol valerate using polylactic acid (PLA) with the combination of FDM 3D printing and injection volume filling techniques. The tip size of the 3D printed needles decreased to 173 μm utilizing a chemical etching process. The content of estradiol valerate loaded in the 3D printed PLA MNAs was 29.79 ± 0.03 mg, and the release was in a prolonged manner for up to 7 days. The results of mechanical tests revealed that the force needed for the 3D printed PLA MNAs fracture (900 N) was significantly higher than that needed for their skin penetration (4 N). The successful penetration of 3D printed PLA MNAs through the stratum corneum was confirmed via penetration test, methylene blue staining, and histological examination. The results showed that 3D printed PLA MNAs can penetrate into the skin without reaching to the dermal nerves and puncture of blood vessels. In conclusion, in the current study, we explored the practicability of the preparation of drug loaded reservoir-based BPMNAs using the combination of FDM 3D printing and injection volume filling techniques for painless and prolonged transdermal drug delivery.

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Funding

This study was supported by a grant (No. 198107) from Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Novel Drug Delivery Systems Research Center, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 81746-73461, Isfahan, Iran

    Afsoun Khosraviboroujeni, Seyedeh Zahra Mirdamadian & Azade Taheri

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran

    Mohsen Minaiyan

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  1. Afsoun Khosraviboroujeni
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Correspondence to Azade Taheri.

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Khosraviboroujeni, A., Mirdamadian, S.Z., Minaiyan, M. et al. Preparation and characterization of 3D printed PLA microneedle arrays for prolonged transdermal drug delivery of estradiol valerate. Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res. 12, 1195–1208 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-021-01006-4

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