Abstract
The goal of this paper is to provide a comparative analysis of two commonly used approaches to discretize offshore fish cages: the lumped-mass approach and the finite element technique. Two case studies are chosen to compare predictions of the LMA (lumped-mass approach) and FEA (finite element analysis) based numerical modeling techniques. In both case studies, we consider several loading conditions consisting of different uniform currents and monochromatic waves. We investigate motion of the cage, its deformation, and the resultant tension in the mooring lines. Both model predictions are sufficient close to the experimental data, but for the first experiment, the DUT-FlexSim predictions are slightly more accurate than the ones provided by Aqua-FE™. According to the comparisons, both models can be successfully utilized to the design and analysis of the offshore fish cages provided that an appropriate safety factor is chosen.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bathe, K. J., 1996. Finite Element Procedures, Prentice Hall, New Jersey, 1037.
Bi, C. W., Zhao, Y. P., Dong, G. H., Zheng, Y. N. and Gui, F. K., 2014. A numerical analysis on the hydrodynamic characteristics of net cages using coupled fluid-structure interaction model, Aquacult. Eng., 59, 1–12.
Choo, Y. I. and Casarella, M. J., 1971. Hydrodynamic resistance of towed cables, J. Hydronaut., 5(4): 126–131.
DeCew, J., Fredriksson, D. W., Bougrov, L., Swift, M. R., Eroshkin, O. and Celikkol, B., 2005. A case study of a modified gravity type cage and mooring system using numerical and physical models, IEEE J. Oceanic Eng., 30(1): 47–58.
DeCew, J., Fredriksson, D. W., Lader, P. F., Chambers, M., Howell, W. H., Osienki, M., Celikkol, B., Frank, K. and Høy, E., 2013. Field measurements of cage deformation using acoustic sensors, Aquacult. Eng., 57, 114–125.
DeCew, J., Tsukrov, I., Risso, A., Swift, M. R. and Celikkol, B., 2010. Modeling of dynamic behavior of a single-point moored submersible fish cage under currents, Aquacult. Eng., 43(2): 38–45.
Fredheim, A. and Faltinsen, O. M., 2003. Hydroelastic analysis of a fishing-net in steady inflow conditions, Proc. 3rd Int. Conference on Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology, Oxford, UK.
Fredriksson, D. W., Swift, M. R., Eroshkin, O., Tsukrov, I., Irish, J. D. and Celikkol, B., 2005. Moored fish cage dynamics in waves and currents, IEEE J. Oceanic Eng., 30(1): 28–36.
Fredriksson, D. W., Swift, M. R., Tsukrov, I., Irish, J. D. and Celikkol, B., 2003. Fish cage and mooring system dynamics using physical and numerical models with field measurements, Aquacult. Eng., 27(2): 117–270.
Gosz, M., Kestler, K., Swift, M. R. and Celikkol, B. 1997. Finite element modeling of submerged aquaculture netpen systems, ASME Winter Annual Meeting.
Haritos, N. and He, D. T., 1992. Modeling the response of cable elements in an ocean environment, Finite Elem. Anal. Des., 19, 19–32.
Huang, C. C., Tang, H. J. and Liu, J. Y., 2007. Modeling volume deformation in gravity-type cages with distributed bottom weights or a rigid tube-sinker, Aquacult. Eng., 37(2): 144–157.
Kim, H. Y., Lee, C. W., Shin, J. K., Kim, H. S., Cha, B. J. and Lee, G. H., 2007. Dynamic simulation of the behavior of purse seine gear and sea-trial verification, Fish. Res., 88(1): 109–119.
Lader, P. F, Enerhaug, B., Fredheim, A. and Krokstad, J., 2003. Modeling of 3D net structures exposed to waves and current, Proc. 3rd Int. Conference on Hydroelasticity in Marine Technology, Oxford, UK.
Lader, P. F, Enerhaug, B., Fredheim, A., Klebert, P. and Pettersen, B., 2014. Forces on a cruciform/sphere structure in uniform current, Ocean Eng., 82(15): 180–190.
Lee, C. W., Kim, Y. B., Lee, G. H., Choe, M. Y., Lee, M. K. and Koo, K. Y., 2008. Dynamic simulation of a fish cage system subjected to currents and waves, Ocean Eng., 35(4): 1521–1532.
Li, Y. C., Zhao, Y. P., Gui, F. K. and Teng, B., 2006. Numerical simulation of the hydrodynamic behavior of submerged plane nets in current, Ocean Eng., 33(17–18): 2352–2368.
Morison, J. R., Johnson, J. W. and Schaaf, S. A., 1950. The forces exerted by surface waves on piles, J. Petrol. Technol., 149–154.
Takagi, T., Suzuki, K. and Hiraishi, T., 2002. Development of the numerical simulation method of dynamic fishing net shape, Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 68(3): 320–326.
Tsukrov, I., Eroshkin, O., Fredriksson, D. W., Swift, M. R. and Celikkol, B., 2003. Finite element modeling of net panels using consistent net element, Ocean Eng., 30(2): 251–270.
Tsukrov, I., Ozbay, M., Swift, M. R., Celikkol, B., Fredriksson, D. W. and Baldwin, K., 2000. Open ocean aquaculture engineering: Numerical modeling, Mar. Technol. Soc. J., 34(1): 29–40.
Wan, R., Hu, F. X and Tokai, T. A., 2002. Static analysis of the tension and configuration of submerged plane nets, Fisheries Sci., 68(4): 815–823.
Zhao, Y. P., Li, Y. C., Dong, G. H., Gui, F. K. and Teng, B., 2007. A numerical study on dynamic properties of the gravity cage in combined wave-current flow, Ocean Eng., 34(17): 2350–2363.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51239002 and 51221961), and Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province (Grant No. 2014008).
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zhao, Yp., Wang, Xx., Decew, J. et al. Comparative study of two approaches to model the offshore fish cages. China Ocean Eng 29, 459–472 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13344-015-0032-0
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13344-015-0032-0