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Effects of short-term calorie restriction on circulating DPP-4/sCD26 concentrations and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes

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Abstract

Previous studies have shown that dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-4, is released from adipocytes in a differentiation-dependent manner and a marker for insulin resistance in obese individuals who have particularly high circulating DPP-4/soluble CD26 (sCD26) concentrations. In this study, we have evaluated the effects of short-term hospitalization with calorie restriction on body composition and circulating DPP-4/sCD26 concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 47 Japanese adults with type 2 diabetes were recruited to the study (age; 56.6 ± 13.0 years, body mass index (BMI); 27.3 ± 5.6 kg/m2). Body composition, circulating DPP-4/sCD26 concentrations and metabolic parameters were assessed upon admission and at discharge from hospital (average of the period: 13.0 ± 2.5 days). Visceral fat area (VFA) was also assessed by dual impedance method. During hospitalization, there was a significant reduction in body weight, BMI, lean body mass, VFA and circulating DPP-4/sCD26 concentrations, but not in body fat mass. Fasting circulating DPP-4/sCD26 concentrations were significantly correlated with fasting insulin, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GTP) levels, and HOMA-IR (r = 0.477, 0.423, 0.415, 0.548, respectively), but not with VFA (r = − 0.056) by liner regression analyses at base line. It was also observed a positive correlation between changes in circulating DPP-4/sCD26 concentrations and γ-GTP level, HOMA-IR, and a negative correlation between the changes in circulating DPP-4/sCD26 concentrations and VFA significantly (r = 0.300, 0.633, − 0.343, respectively). In conclusion, our observations suggest that liver enzymes as well as VFA might be associated with the response of DPP-4/sCD26 concentrations.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [Grant Numbers 19K09018 (K.H.)]; Takeda Science Foundation (K.H.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Hematology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 2-1-50, Minami-­Koshigaya, Koshigaya, Saitama, 343-8555, Japan

    Mototaka Yamauchi, Takafumi Tsuchiya, Kohzo Takebayashi, Toshihiko Inukai & Koshi Hashimoto

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Seibu General Hospital, 884, Kami-Ookubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 338-0824, Japan

    Toshihiko Inukai

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  1. Mototaka Yamauchi
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  2. Takafumi Tsuchiya
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  3. Kohzo Takebayashi
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  4. Toshihiko Inukai
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  5. Koshi Hashimoto
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Correspondence to Mototaka Yamauchi.

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The authors have nothing to disclose.

Human rights statement

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (the Institutional Review Boards of Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, approval date: Nov. 19, 2014, approval number: 1431) and with Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and later versions.

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All informed consent or substitute for it was obtained from all patients for being included in the study.

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Yamauchi, M., Tsuchiya, T., Takebayashi, K. et al. Effects of short-term calorie restriction on circulating DPP-4/sCD26 concentrations and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Int 12, 286–292 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-020-00485-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-020-00485-z

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