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Self-management behavior concerning physical activity of Japanese type 2 diabetes patients, characterized by sex, daily energy intake and body mass index

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Abstract

Objectives

We assess differences in physical activity self-management behavior in association with dietary intake and BMI between the sexes in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

Patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 145) completed a self-administrated questionnaire. Patients were classified into four groups by BMI and dietary intake: non-obesity and non-overeating (NO/NOE); non-obesity and overeating (NO/OE); obesity and non-overeating (O/NOE); obesity and overeating (O/OE). Differences in physical activity self-management behavior between the four groups were determined by the analysis of variance using a Tukey–Kramer post hoc test.

Results

Male O/OE group showed higher HbA1c (p = 0.001) than the other groups. Male NO/OE group had higher steps/day than O/NOE (p = 0.036) and score of “Exercising to stimulate the enjoyment of eating” was higher than O/OE (p = 0.031). Female NO/OE group showed higher HbA1c (p = 0.001) than NO/NOE and O/NOE.

Conclusions

BMI and dietary intake were associated with frequencies of physical activity self-management strategies in men. Self-management behavior peculiar to male NO/OE group is “Exercising to stimulate the enjoyment of eating”. Health professionals should assess sex, BMI, and dietary intake of patients and endeavor to improve individuals’ ability to regulate their caloric balance based on physical activity level.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by a grant from the 21st Century Center of Excellence Program, “Center of Excellence for Signal Transduction Disease: Diabetes Mellitus as a Model,” from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan. We are grateful to the patients who participated in the study and to the staff members of the outpatient clinic of Kobe University Hospital.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Adult Nursing, Nursing Course, School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-Ku, Yokohama, 236-0004, Japan

    Yuri Tokunaga-Nakawatase

  2. Division of Development Sciences for Practical Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan

    Yuri Tokunaga-Nakawatase, Chiemi Taru & Ikuko Miyawaki

  3. Division of Preventive Health Science, Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2 Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, 654-0142, Japan

    Akimitsu Tsutou

  4. Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan

    Masakazu Nishigaki

Authors
  1. Yuri Tokunaga-Nakawatase
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  2. Chiemi Taru
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  3. Akimitsu Tsutou
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  4. Masakazu Nishigaki
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  5. Ikuko Miyawaki
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yuri Tokunaga-Nakawatase.

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Conflict of interest

The authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

Ethical approval

All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and later version.

Informed consent

Informed consent or a substitute for it was obtained from all patients included in the study.

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Cite this article

Tokunaga-Nakawatase, Y., Taru, C., Tsutou, A. et al. Self-management behavior concerning physical activity of Japanese type 2 diabetes patients, characterized by sex, daily energy intake and body mass index. Diabetol Int 10, 206–212 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-018-0381-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13340-018-0381-z

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